单独抑或联合:地块规模与农户土地投资决策

发布时间：2019-04-03 15:05

【摘要】：农户是单独还是联合进行生产经营决策关系到如何细化我国"统分结合"的农业经营体制问题。本文关注了农户在土地投资中的决策模式选择,并认为由于我国地块面积非常狭小,除了土壤改良投资以外,农户们在面积狭小、紧挨着的地块上进行的大部分长期投资(主要是基础设施和改变用途投资)表现出强烈的规模经济、外部性和公共物品特征,联合投资将是他们的合理选择。基于江苏省18县4796个地块样本,本研究一方面揭示农户长期土地投资的联合性,另一方面分析地块规模对农户投资决策的影响。研究发现,农户在地块上进行的基础设施与改变用途投资中接近65%属于联合投资,地块规模扩大可以显著提高农户单独投资的概率,并促进投资项目决策由联合决策向单独决策转变。这说明对这两类投资而言,地块规模扩大是农户进行单独自由决策的前提;小规模地块主要依赖农户间的联合投资决策。相应的政策含义包括:一方面扩大地块规模提高农户单独投资的激励;另一方面则组织、协调好农户的联合投资决策并加强政府的公共投资。而在地块规模充分扩大,集体或联合决策内化为个体自由决策之前,对农户个体地权的强化对于刺激基础设施与改变用途投资的意义可能是有限的。
[Abstract]:Whether farmers make decisions on production and management alone or jointly is related to the problem of how to refine the agricultural management system of "the combination of unity and division" in our country. This article pays attention to the decision-making mode choice of farmers in the land investment, and thinks that because the land area of our country is very narrow, besides the investment of soil improvement, the farmers are in the small area. Most of the long-term investments (mainly infrastructure and change-of-use investments) on adjacent plots show strong economies of scale, externalities and public goods characteristics, and joint investment will be their reasonable choice. Based on a sample of 4796 plots in 18 counties of Jiangsu Province, this study reveals the association of farmers' long-term land investment on the one hand, and on the other hand, analyzes the impact of plot size on farmers' investment decision-making. The study found that nearly 65% of farmers' investment in infrastructure and change of use on the land belongs to joint investment, and the expansion of plot size can significantly increase the probability of single investment by farmers. And promote investment project decision-making from joint decision-making to individual decision-making. This shows that for these two types of investment, the expansion of plot size is the premise for farmers to make independent and free decision-making, and small-scale plots mainly rely on joint investment decision-making among farmers. The corresponding policy implications include: on the one hand to expand the scale of land to increase the incentive for farmers to invest alone; on the other hand to organize and coordinate the joint investment decision of farmers and strengthen the public investment of the government. However, until the scale of plots is fully expanded and collective or joint decision-making is internalized into individual free decision-making, the significance of strengthening farmers' individual land rights may be limited for stimulating infrastructure and reusing investment.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学经济管理学院/中国粮食安全研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“细碎化产权VS整片化土地利用:评承包地确权颁证对农户农地利用集体布局、投资与流转的影响”(71773050);国家自然科学基金面上项目“刘易斯拐点背景下耕地细碎化与农户非农劳动供给和粮食供给”(71473125) 江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
【分类号】：F321.1

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