基于分形维数的煤矿区景观格局特征——以徐州市沛北矿区为例

发布时间：2019-04-11 08:07

【摘要】：以徐州市沛北矿区2000年、2004年、2008年和2012年SPOT-4/5影像为数据源,采用分形学的理论与方法,选取形状、半径、信息和间隙度4个维数综合分析了研究区景观格局复杂性、向心性、均衡性和聚簇性,从矿区和井田两个尺度研究了景观格局演变特征。结果表明:(1)2000—2012年土地利用发生了剧烈变化,耕地大量转变为水域和建设用地,水域和建设用地显著增加。(2)景观斑块趋于规整、复杂性降低;空间分布向非均衡化发展,聚集程度增加,耕地向心性增强和趋于单中心分布;水域、建设用地和未利用地向心性减弱、均衡性降低,水域空间分布趋向多中心化结构,未利用地在塌陷水域周围集中分布,建设用地空间分布的圈层结构明显。(3)井田尺度景观斑块形状更加复杂,2008年是水域空间分布的转折点,其后空间分布趋向于均匀。
[Abstract]:Taking the SPOT-4/5 images of Peibei mining area in Xuzhou City as data source in 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012, the complexity of landscape pattern in the study area was analyzed synthetically by using the theory and method of fractal theory, selecting the shape, radius, information and interspace of the four dimensions of landscape pattern in the study area. Concentric, balanced and clustered, the evolution characteristics of landscape pattern were studied from the two scales of mining area and mine field. The results show that: (1) the land use has changed dramatically from 2000 to 2012, a large number of cultivated land has been transformed into water area and construction land, and the water area and construction land have increased significantly. (2) the landscape patch tends to be regular and the complexity decreases; The spatial distribution developed to non-equilibrium, the degree of aggregation increased, and the centrality of cultivated land increased and tended to single center distribution. The concentric, equilibrium and spatial distribution of water area, construction land and unused land tend to be multicentric, and the unused land is concentrated around the collapsed waters. The circle structure of spatial distribution of construction land is obvious. (3) the shape of landscape patch is more complex, 2008 is the turning point of spatial distribution of water area, and then the spatial distribution tends to be uniform.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院;中国矿业大学物联网(感知矿山)研究中心;
【基金】：国土资源部公益性行业专项”苏北煤炭开采区土地资源数量—质量—生态监测与持续利用野外科研基地建设”(201211050)
【分类号】：F301;P901

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