广西苍梧县珠江流域治理再造林项目碳汇供给研究

发布时间：2019-04-24 06:40

【摘要】：本文通过调查苍梧县实施广西珠江流域治理再造林项目的林分中的主要造林树种桉树、马尾松、木荷为对象,以资料收集的方法整理分析2006年至2016年十年间三树种经营的现状,分别计算分析其的成本收益状况,并对29个项目样地点监测得出的林木生长指标(胸径、树高),计算三个树种林分的碳储量,再运用造林成本法得出比较合理的碳汇价格,从而估算比较三个树种林分的碳汇经济价值。最后以便选择最佳的森林经营决策,加入Faustman模型,测算三个树种的碳汇供给情况,分析从碳价格、劳动力价格、木材价格等方面对森林碳汇供给影响的敏感性,提出促进碳汇供给的相关对策建议。得出以下结论如下:(1)不同树种营造林投入产出存在显著差异。对比马尾松、桉树、木荷三个树种,在造林、抚育、主伐阶段的投入均为净投入,包括种苗、用工成本、农资用量、运(税)费、其他投入等,投入数额上以桉树的为最高。因此,从资料收集数据分析看,单一轮伐期内,三种林木投入结构相似,从投入、收益和净收益上看,符合桉树马尾松木荷的规律。产生差异的主要原因是由树种自身特性和木材价格差异造成的,而树种自身特性起了决定性作用。(2)不同树种平均碳储量存在显著差异。2016年,马尾松林分的每公顷平均碳储量为25.61 t,桉树林分为144.54 t,木荷林分为47.45 t,从2006年到2016年十年时间,平均碳储量每年平均增长2.56 t,桉树平均碳储量每年增加14.45 t,木荷平均碳储量每年增加4.75,增长态势呈桉树木荷马尾松趋势。(3)不同树种林分碳汇经济价值存在显著差异,2016年,以桉树单位面积碳汇经济价值最高,其次为木荷,马尾松最低。就研究项目而言,由于林地面积差异,桉树对项目碳汇经济总价值的贡献最大,其次是马尾松,木荷贡献相对较少。(4)林地期望值存在差异性。马尾松、桉树和木荷三个树种的期望值之差呈现先递增后递减的趋势。桉树的最佳轮伐期为10年,马尾松的最佳轮伐期为33年,木荷的最佳轮伐期为36年。随着碳汇价格变化,三个树种的最佳轮伐期会相对延长。(5)碳汇供给敏感性存在差异。随着贴现率水平逐步增高,马尾松、桉树和木荷的碳汇供给量均逐步降低,马尾松对贴现率的敏感性要大于桉树和木荷;随着劳动力价格逐步增高,马尾松、桉树和木荷的碳汇供给量均逐步降低,桉树和马尾松对劳动力价格的敏感性要大于木荷;随着木材价格提高,碳汇供给量呈略微下降的趋势,桉树和木荷对木材价格的敏感性要大于马尾松。(6)促进森林碳汇发展意见和政策建议主要包括:科学合理的发展桉树;适当调减马尾松纯林规模;大力发展地区优势乡土珍贵树种。不断挖掘森林碳汇供给潜力;做好森林碳汇交易中介服务机构的培养,完善碳汇交易机制;加强财政扶持力度,注重示范推广;加大宣传力度,加强营林技术培训,提高各界对森林碳汇的认知程度。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of the main afforestation tree species eucalyptus, Pinus massoniana and Schima superba in the reforestation project of Pearl River Basin management in Cangwu County, the present situation of the management of three tree species in the ten years from 2006 to 2016 was analyzed by means of data collection. The cost-benefit situation was calculated and analyzed separately, and the growth index (DBH, tree height) of 29 sample sites were monitored, the carbon reserves of three tree species stand were calculated, and then the reasonable carbon sink price was obtained by using afforestation cost method, and the forest growth index (DBH, tree height) was measured in 29 sample sites, and then the carbon sequestration price was obtained. Thus, the economic value of carbon sequestration of three tree species stands was estimated and compared. Finally, in order to select the best forest management decision, join the Faustman model, calculate the carbon sink supply of three tree species, analyze the sensitivity of carbon price, labor price, wood price to forest carbon sink supply in terms of carbon price, labor price, wood price and so on. Put forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions to promote carbon sequestration supply. The conclusions are as follows: (1) there are significant differences in input and output of different tree species. Compared with Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba, the input in afforestation, rearing and main cutting stage was net, including seedling, labor cost, agricultural cost, transportation (tax) cost, other inputs, and so on. The amount of input was the highest in eucalyptus. Therefore, from the data collection data analysis, three kinds of tree input structure is similar in a single logging period, in terms of input, income and net income, it accords with the law of Eucalyptus Masson pine Schima superba. The main reason for the difference is due to the differences in tree species' own characteristics and wood prices, and the tree species' own characteristics play a decisive role. (2) there is a significant difference in the average carbon reserves of different tree species. In 2016, the average carbon reserves of different tree species are significantly different. The average carbon reserves per hectare of Pinus massoniana stand is 25.61 t, that of eucalyptus forest is 144.54 t, and that of Schima mulch forest is 47.45 t. From 2006 to 2016, the average carbon reserve increased by 2.56 t per year on average. The average carbon reserves of eucalyptus and Schima superba were increased by 14.45 t and 4.75 per year respectively, showing an increasing trend of Pinus massoniana. (3) there were significant differences in the economic value of carbon sequestration among different tree species, in 2016, there were significant differences in the economic value of carbon sequestration among different tree species. The economic value of carbon sequestration per unit area of eucalyptus was the highest, followed by Schima superba and Pinus massoniana. As far as the research project is concerned, the contribution of eucalyptus to the total economic value of carbon sequestration is the largest because of the difference of woodland area, followed by Pinus massoniana, and the contribution of Schima superba is relatively small. (4) there are differences in the expected value of forest land. The difference between expected values of Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The optimum rotation period of eucalyptus is 10 years, that of Masson pine is 33 years, and that of Schima superba is 36 years. With the change of carbon sequestration price, the optimal rotation period of the three species will be relatively prolonged. (5) the sensitivity of carbon sink supply is different. With the increase of discount rate, the carbon sink supply of Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba decreased gradually, and the sensitivity of Pinus massoniana to the discount rate was higher than that of Eucalyptus and Schima superba. With the increase of labor price, the carbon sink supply of Pinus massoniana, eucalyptus and Schima superba decreased gradually, and the sensitivity of eucalyptus and Pinus massoniana to labor price was greater than that of Schima superba. With the increase of wood price, the carbon sink supply decreased slightly, and the sensitivity of eucalyptus and Schima superba to wood price was higher than that of Masson pine. (6) suggestions and policy suggestions on promoting forest carbon sink development mainly included: scientific and reasonable development of eucalyptus; Appropriately reduce the scale of pure Pinus massoniana forest; vigorously develop the predominance of local precious tree species. Continue to tap the supply potential of forest carbon sequestration; do a good job in the cultivation of forest carbon sink trading intermediary services, improve the trading mechanism of carbon sequestration, strengthen financial support, pay attention to demonstration promotion; Strengthen the publicity, strengthen the training of forest technology, improve the understanding of forest carbon sinks from all walks of life.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.27;S718.5

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