我国种粮农户耕地流转的基本特点及政策启示

发布时间：2019-05-17 14:54

【摘要】：[目的]通过分析现行种粮农户耕地流转的基本特点,探讨如何完善现有耕地流转政策,以适应耕地流转的新趋势和新要求。[方法]文章利用河南、黑龙江、四川、浙江等4省调查数据,主要采用描述性统计方法进行分析。[结果]农户耕地流转率逐年上升,经营规模1.33hm~2以下的农户比重显著下降;耕地流转主要方式是流转双方自由协商,以口头协议为主,租金以现金为主;针对农业规模经营的地方补贴省际差异较大。[结论](1)土地流转、集中呈快速发展态势,但是省际差异明显,其中2012~2014年4省样本村耕地流转率均呈快速发展的态势,2011~2015年经营规模在1.33hm~2以上的农户显著增加;(2)样本村耕地流转基本上遵循了依法、自愿、有偿的原则,农户之间的土地流转主要以自发形式为主,以熟人关系为纽带,是嵌入农村社会关系网络之中的,符合我国乡土社会差序格局的传统;(3)4省针对规模经营、土地流转的补贴总体不足,并且省际之间补贴差异较大。
[Abstract]:[objective] by analyzing the basic characteristics of cultivated land circulation of grain farmers, this paper discusses how to perfect the existing cultivated land circulation policy in order to adapt to the new trend and requirements of cultivated land circulation. [methods] based on the survey data of Henan, Heilongjiang, Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces, the descriptive statistical method was used to analyze the data of Henan, Heilongjiang, Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces. [results] the circulation rate of cultivated land increased year by year, and the proportion of farmers below 1.33hm~2 decreased significantly, the main way of cultivated land circulation was free negotiation between the two sides, mainly oral agreement, and the rent was mainly cash. There are great differences between provinces in local subsidies for agricultural scale management. [conclusion] (1) the land circulation shows a rapid development trend, but the difference between provinces is obvious. From 2012 to 2014, the cultivated land turnover rate of the sample villages in the four provinces showed a rapid development trend, and the number of farmers with business scale above 1.33hm~2 in 2011 / 2015 increased significantly; (2) the cultivated land circulation in the sample village basically follows the principle of law, voluntary and paid. The land circulation between farmers is mainly in the spontaneous form, and the acquaintance relationship is the link, which is embedded in the rural social relationship network. It accords with the tradition of the differential order pattern of the local society in our country; (3) the subsidies for scale management and land circulation in the four provinces are generally insufficient, and there are great differences in subsidies between provinces.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所;河北农业大学商学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“土地流转背景下农地经营投资行为与耕地质量提升研究”(71573262) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAED-2017-03)
【分类号】：F321.1

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