安徽省主要粮食作物区域优势分析
发布时间：2019-05-17 16:58
【摘要】：本文以比较优势理论为基础,对2011-2013年安徽省主要粮食作物的种植面积、单位产量以及各地区比较优势进行分析,明确了安徽省主要粮食作物生产所面临的问题,探索了安徽省主要粮食作物布局,为安徽省粮食生产提供建议。安徽省是一个农业大省,是全国粮食主产区之一,在保障全国粮食安全中起着至关重要的作用。研究安徽省主要粮食作物比较优势,依此来调整粮食作物种植结构及农业产业布局,为提高安徽省粮食作物综合生产力做贡献。从安徽省主要粮食作物规模比较优势、效率比较优势以及综合比较优势等方面进行了分析。安徽省主要粮食作物中,小麦、豆类和稻谷具有规模优势,其规模优势指数分别为1.67、1.24和1.63,玉米和薯类的规模指数分别为0.40和0.30,均不具有规模优势。安徽省主要粮食作物中具有效率优势的作物有小麦和稻谷,其效率优势指数分别为1.16和1.00,玉米效率指数为0.90,接近1,具有一定的效率优势,而豆类和薯类的效率优势指数为0.75和0.78,效率优势指数较低,不具有效率优势。安徽省主要粮食作物的综合优势指数,小麦、稻谷、豆类、玉米和薯类分别为1.39、1.11、1.10、0.60和0.49,表明小麦、稻谷、豆类具有综合比较优势,而玉米和薯类不具有综合比较优势。通过对安徽省主要粮食作物的规模优势、效率优势以及综合优势的分析,明确了安徽省主要粮食作物生产布局的优先序,提出扩大小麦、水稻、玉米等优势作物的生产,适当减少豆类、薯类作物的生产。根据安徽省的自然条件,大力发展小麦、稻谷的生产,全省建立以优质小麦、水稻为主的产业布局,并提高其生产水平。结合粮食作物在各地区的综合比较优势指数,为安徽省粮食作物种植布局提出以下建议:稻谷继续在淮河以南种植,减少淮河以北稻谷的种植;小麦在淮北地区种植,六安,滁州,马鞍山等地区也可广泛种植小麦,另外可以减少安庆,池州和黄山等地小麦的种植,改种综合比较优势指数较高的作物;玉米在淮河以北种植,山区及一些丘陵地带也可以适量种植玉米;豆类种植以淮河以北地区及黄山地区为主;薯类作物在安徽省各地区的综合优势均比较强,尤以黄山,宣城和宿州薯类的综合比较优势更为突出,薯类可在皖南山区、江淮丘陵及江淮平原广泛种植。另外,要推广绿色粮食增长模式,建立健全粮食丰产优质增效的发展机制。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of comparative advantage, this paper analyzes the planting area, unit yield and comparative advantage of the main grain crops in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2013, and clarifies the problems faced by the production of the main grain crops in Anhui Province. The distribution of main grain crops in Anhui Province was explored to provide suggestions for grain production in Anhui Province. Anhui Province is a major agricultural province and one of the main grain producing areas in China, which plays an important role in ensuring national food security. To study the comparative advantage of main grain crops in Anhui Province, to adjust the planting structure of grain crops and the layout of agricultural industry, and to contribute to the improvement of the comprehensive productivity of grain crops in Anhui Province. The comparative advantages of main grain crops in Anhui Province, such as comparative advantage of scale, comparative advantage of efficiency and comprehensive comparative advantage, were analyzed. Among the main grain crops in Anhui Province, wheat, legume and rice have scale advantage, their scale advantage index is 1.67, 1.24 and 1.63, respectively, and the scale index of corn and potato is 0.40 and 0.30, respectively, which has no scale advantage. Wheat and rice are the main food crops in Anhui Province, and their efficiency advantage indexes are 1.16 and 1.00, respectively, and the corn efficiency index is 0.90, which is close to 1, which has certain efficiency advantages. However, the efficiency advantage index of beans and potatoes was 0.75 and 0.78, and the efficiency advantage index was low and had no efficiency advantage. The comprehensive dominance index of main grain crops in Anhui Province was 1.39, 1.11, 1.10, 0.60 and 0.49, respectively, indicating that wheat, rice and beans had comprehensive comparative advantages. However, corn and potato do not have comprehensive comparative advantage. Based on the analysis of the scale advantages, efficiency advantages and comprehensive advantages of the main grain crops in Anhui Province, the priority order of the production layout of the main grain crops in Anhui Province was clarified, and the expansion of the production of wheat, rice, corn and other dominant crops was put forward. Properly reduce the production of legumes and potato crops. According to the natural conditions of Anhui Province, we should vigorously develop the production of wheat and rice, establish the industrial layout of high quality wheat and rice, and improve its production level. Combined with the comprehensive comparative advantage index of grain crops in various regions, the following suggestions are put forward for the planting layout of grain crops in Anhui Province: Rice continues to be planted in the south of Huaihe River, and the cultivation of rice in the north of Huaihe River is reduced; Wheat can also be widely planted in Huaibei area, Liuan'an, Chuzhou, Ma'anshan and other areas, in addition, it can reduce the cultivation of wheat in Anqing, Chizhou and Huangshan, and change to crops with high comprehensive comparative advantage index. Corn is planted in the north of Huaihe River, and corn can also be planted in mountainous areas and some hilly areas, while legumes are mainly planted in the north of Huaihe River and Huangshan area. The comprehensive advantages of potato crops in various regions of Anhui Province are relatively strong, especially in Huangshan, Xuancheng and Suzhou. Potato can be widely planted in the mountainous areas of southern Anhui, Jianghuai hills and Jianghuai plain. In addition, it is necessary to popularize the green grain growth model and establish and improve the development mechanism of high grain yield, high quality and efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11
本文编号：2479264
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of comparative advantage, this paper analyzes the planting area, unit yield and comparative advantage of the main grain crops in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2013, and clarifies the problems faced by the production of the main grain crops in Anhui Province. The distribution of main grain crops in Anhui Province was explored to provide suggestions for grain production in Anhui Province. Anhui Province is a major agricultural province and one of the main grain producing areas in China, which plays an important role in ensuring national food security. To study the comparative advantage of main grain crops in Anhui Province, to adjust the planting structure of grain crops and the layout of agricultural industry, and to contribute to the improvement of the comprehensive productivity of grain crops in Anhui Province. The comparative advantages of main grain crops in Anhui Province, such as comparative advantage of scale, comparative advantage of efficiency and comprehensive comparative advantage, were analyzed. Among the main grain crops in Anhui Province, wheat, legume and rice have scale advantage, their scale advantage index is 1.67, 1.24 and 1.63, respectively, and the scale index of corn and potato is 0.40 and 0.30, respectively, which has no scale advantage. Wheat and rice are the main food crops in Anhui Province, and their efficiency advantage indexes are 1.16 and 1.00, respectively, and the corn efficiency index is 0.90, which is close to 1, which has certain efficiency advantages. However, the efficiency advantage index of beans and potatoes was 0.75 and 0.78, and the efficiency advantage index was low and had no efficiency advantage. The comprehensive dominance index of main grain crops in Anhui Province was 1.39, 1.11, 1.10, 0.60 and 0.49, respectively, indicating that wheat, rice and beans had comprehensive comparative advantages. However, corn and potato do not have comprehensive comparative advantage. Based on the analysis of the scale advantages, efficiency advantages and comprehensive advantages of the main grain crops in Anhui Province, the priority order of the production layout of the main grain crops in Anhui Province was clarified, and the expansion of the production of wheat, rice, corn and other dominant crops was put forward. Properly reduce the production of legumes and potato crops. According to the natural conditions of Anhui Province, we should vigorously develop the production of wheat and rice, establish the industrial layout of high quality wheat and rice, and improve its production level. Combined with the comprehensive comparative advantage index of grain crops in various regions, the following suggestions are put forward for the planting layout of grain crops in Anhui Province: Rice continues to be planted in the south of Huaihe River, and the cultivation of rice in the north of Huaihe River is reduced; Wheat can also be widely planted in Huaibei area, Liuan'an, Chuzhou, Ma'anshan and other areas, in addition, it can reduce the cultivation of wheat in Anqing, Chizhou and Huangshan, and change to crops with high comprehensive comparative advantage index. Corn is planted in the north of Huaihe River, and corn can also be planted in mountainous areas and some hilly areas, while legumes are mainly planted in the north of Huaihe River and Huangshan area. The comprehensive advantages of potato crops in various regions of Anhui Province are relatively strong, especially in Huangshan, Xuancheng and Suzhou. Potato can be widely planted in the mountainous areas of southern Anhui, Jianghuai hills and Jianghuai plain. In addition, it is necessary to popularize the green grain growth model and establish and improve the development mechanism of high grain yield, high quality and efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11
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