我国生猪市场价格调控中的“猪粮比价”:理论内涵与实践反思

发布时间：2019-06-09 16:06

【摘要】：无论从稳定生猪生产和农民增收,还是从保障居民的猪肉消费,生猪市场的重要性都是不言而喻的。2007年以来,我国政府逐步形成了一整套依据"猪粮比价"高低进行价格干预的制度安排。然而,学术界却并没有深究"猪粮比价"这一指标背后的经济逻辑。文章尝试推导出了"猪粮比价"的理论公式,发现"猪粮比价"等于生猪养殖中技术口径的投入产出效率与经济口径的投入产出效率之比值。与此同时,还发现在会计核算和经济核算两种口径下有着不一样的计算结果。通过简要回顾我国政府根据"猪粮比价"对生猪市场进行价格调控的历程,发现价格干预的效果并不尽如人意。对比理论公式和价格干预实践,文章找到了导致以上结果的原因。事实上,美国农业部虽然也公布"猪粮比价",但却并没有将之用于指导猪肉市场的价格调控。
[Abstract]:Whether from stabilizing pig production and increasing farmers' income, or from ensuring residents' pork consumption, the importance of the pig market is self-evident. Since 2007, Our government has gradually formed a set of institutional arrangements for price intervention according to the price ratio of pig grain. However, the academic community has not studied the economic logic behind the index of pig food price comparison. In this paper, the theoretical formula of "pig grain specific price" is deduced, and it is found that "pig grain specific price" is equal to the ratio of technical caliber input-output efficiency to economic input-output efficiency in live pig breeding. At the same time, it is also found that there are different calculation results under the two caliber of accounting and economic accounting. By briefly reviewing the course of Chinese government's price regulation and control on pig market according to "pig grain price ratio", it is found that the effect of price intervention is not satisfactory. By comparing the theoretical formula with the practice of price intervention, this paper finds out the reasons for the above results. In fact, although the USDA also announced the "pig food price comparison," but did not use it to guide the pork market price control.
【作者单位】：北京工商大学食品政策研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(15BJL032) 北京市社会科学基金重点项目(16YJA005) 首都流通业基地资助项目(JD-YB-2017-016)
【分类号】：F323.7

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