武川县马铃薯规模化经营问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-10 07:58

【摘要】：马铃薯是我国主要粮食作物之一,它的稳定生产是保证我国粮食安全的重要基础。内蒙古武川县作为全国马铃薯优质产区,其生产的马铃薯曾是2008年北京奥运会和2010年上海世博会的鲜食薯特供产品。独特的资源禀赋,适宜的气候为武川县马铃薯的生长提供了非常有利的条件,马铃薯已成为武川县最具代表性,种植面积最广的农作物。当地农民经济收入的一半以上主要来源于马铃薯产业。但是随着我国城镇化的不断推进,武川县人地关系发生了变化,耕地抛荒弃荒的现象时有发生。而且马铃薯的种植成本也不断增加,再加上农户经营分散,生产规模小,效益不高,品种结构不合理,集约化程度差,滞销频繁等问题日渐凸显。在此背景下有必要对武川县马铃薯的规模化经营进行研究,以便为武川县马铃薯产业更好的发展提供理论依据和建议。本文以规模经济理论为基础,从武川县马铃薯规模化经营现状入手,通过分析当前武川县马铃薯的种植面积、产量、土地流转情况、机械化程度、品牌建设情况、流通状况及武川县马铃薯规模化经营的主要模式,全面阐述了武川县马铃薯规模化经营所面临的问题,尤其是从马铃薯作为经济作物,带动当地经济发展的战略地位入手,阐明武川县马铃薯规模化经营的必要性。通过分析发现,现阶段武川县马铃薯规模化经营还存在:市场的波动带来的农户对马铃薯价格的预期判断不准确,土地流转机制不健全,经营主体规模小、抗风险能力弱,专业农业推广人员紧缺等问题,影响着武川县马铃薯规模化经营的进一步发展。通过实地调研,走访武川县农牧业局,与有关农业技术推广人员和当地具有代表性的经营主体负责人进行探讨,本文分别从土地流转机制的完善,产销环节的接通,新型职业农民的培养,政府扶持力度的加强,经营主体的规范和马铃薯生产、加工基地的建设等方面,给出了武川县今后进一步完善马铃薯规模化经营的对策和建议,最后提出了对武川县今后马铃薯规模化经营发展前景的展望,以引导经营主体真正地做到科学种植,规范管理,合理经营,在提高产量、产品质量和增加农民收入的同时,也为其它地区马铃薯规模化经营的发展提供一个参考依据。
[Abstract]:Potato is one of the main food crops in China, and its stable production is an important basis to ensure food security in China. Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia, as a national potato production area, its potato production was a special product of fresh potato for 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and 2010 Shanghai World Expo. The unique resource endowment and suitable climate provide very favorable conditions for the growth of potato in Wuchuan County. Potato has become the most representative and widely planted crop in Wuchuan County. More than half of the local farmers' economic income mainly comes from the potato industry. However, with the continuous progress of urbanization in China, the relationship between people and land in Wuchuan County has changed, and the phenomenon of cultivated land abandoning wasteland has occurred from time to time. Moreover, the planting cost of potato is also increasing, coupled with the scattered management of farmers, small production scale, low efficiency, unreasonable variety structure, poor degree of intensification, frequent unsalable and so on. In this context, it is necessary to study the large-scale management of potato in Wuchuan County, in order to provide theoretical basis and suggestions for the better development of potato industry in Wuchuan County. Based on the theory of economies of scale, this paper starts with the present situation of potato scale management in Wuchuan County, and analyzes the planting area, yield, land circulation, mechanization degree and brand construction of potato in Wuchuan County at present. The circulation situation and the main mode of potato scale management in Wuchuan County, this paper comprehensively expounds the problems faced by potato scale management in Wuchuan County, especially from the strategic position of potato as a cash crop to promote the development of local economy. The necessity of large-scale potato management in Wuchuan County was expounded. Through the analysis, it is found that there are still large-scale potato management in Wuchuan County at the present stage: the expected judgment of potato price caused by the fluctuation of the market is not accurate, the land circulation mechanism is not perfect, the scale of the main body is small, and the ability to resist risks is weak. The shortage of professional agricultural extension staff affects the further development of potato scale management in Wuchuan County. Through field investigation, visit Wuchuan County Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, and discuss with the relevant agricultural technology extension personnel and the local representative responsible persons of the main management body, this paper respectively from the improvement of the land circulation mechanism, production and marketing links, This paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for further perfecting the large-scale management of potatoes in Wuchuan County in the aspects of the training of new professional farmers, the strengthening of government support, the standardization of the main body of management and the construction of potato production and processing bases, etc. Finally, the prospect of potato large-scale management in Wuchuan County in the future is put forward in order to guide the main body to truly achieve scientific planting, standardized management, reasonable management, while improving the output, product quality and farmers' income. It also provides a reference for the development of potato large-scale management in other areas.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.11

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