基于要素报酬的农户自然资源依赖度评价研究——以云南省六个自然保护区为例

发布时间：2018-01-01 08:38

本文关键词：基于要素报酬的农户自然资源依赖度评价研究——以云南省六个自然保护区为例　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：农户对自然资源的利用是自然保护区管理中的一个基础性问题,评价农户生计对自然资源的依赖程度对于协调生态保护与社区发展之间的关系具有重要意义。基于此,本文从自然资源要素报酬视角改进了农户自然资源依赖度评价方法,然后运用数理经济模型对其影响因素进行理论分析,最后基于对云南省六个自然保护区172个农户的调研数据进行了实证分析。结果显示:(1)改进了农户雇用资本和劳动力时的农户收入核算范围,分别以自然资源相关活动收入与自然资源要素报酬占农户总收入的比重形成了全要素自然资源依赖度评价指标和单要素自然资源依赖度评价指标。(2)基于经济理论构建了农户生产要素配置模型,理论上分析了外生参数对自然资源依赖度的影响,自然资源相关生产活动产出的价格越高、自然资源数量越大,则农户自然资源依赖度越高;农户劳动力数量越高、劳动力工资越高,则农户自然资源依赖度越低,这些变量对两种依赖度的影响方向一致。(3)云南省六个自然保护区农户自然资源依赖度评价及其影响因素分析表明,全要素自然资源依赖度和单要素自然资源依赖度的平均值分别是78.56%、44.62%;人均耕地面积、年平均气温、病人数比重对农户自然资源依赖度具有显著正向影响,而家庭最高受教育年数、有村干部、劳动力比重、劳动力外出打工比重、城镇化率、参与保护区管理、参与保护区培训有显著负向影响,实证分析结果与理论分析基本一致。提高自然保护区所在区域的经济发展水平、提高农村地区教育水平、加强对农户的就业技能培训、加强自然保护区管理中的社区参与都能有效降低农户的自然资源依赖度,有利于协调生态保护与社区发展之间的关系。最后,基于自然资源要素报酬的单要素自然资源依赖度评价指标,具有经济理论上的一致性,但是由于资本、劳动力机会成本无法直接观察而降低了其可操作性并使得结果具有较大误差,这是未来进一步研究时需要注意的问题。
[Abstract]:The utilization of natural resources by farmers is a basic problem in the management of nature reserves. It is important to evaluate the dependence of farmers' livelihood on natural resources for coordinating the relationship between ecological protection and community development. In this paper, we improve the evaluation method of farmers' dependence on natural resources from the perspective of natural resource factor compensation, and then use mathematical economic model to analyze the influencing factors. Finally, based on the survey data of 172 rural households in six nature reserves in Yunnan Province, the results show that: 1) improves the range of peasant household income accounting when they employ capital and labor. Based on the proportion of natural resource related activity income and natural resource factor reward to farmers' total income, the evaluation index of total factor natural resource dependence degree and single factor natural resource dependence degree evaluation index are formed respectively. Based on the economic theory, the allocation model of farmers' factors of production is constructed. The influence of exogenous parameters on the dependence of natural resources is analyzed theoretically. The higher the price of the output of production activities related to natural resources, the greater the quantity of natural resources, the higher the dependence of farmers' natural resources. The higher the rural labor force is, the higher the labor wage is, the less dependent farmers are on natural resources. These variables have the same direction of influence on the two kinds of dependence.) the evaluation of farmers' dependence on natural resources in six nature reserves in Yunnan Province and the analysis of the influencing factors show that. The average value of total factor natural resource dependence and single factor natural resource dependence is 78.560.The average value is 44.62. The area of cultivated land per capita, annual average temperature, proportion of the number of patients have a significant positive impact on farmers' dependence on natural resources, while the highest number of years of family education, there are village cadres, the proportion of labor force, labor force proportion of migrant workers. Urbanization rate, participation in the management of protected areas, participation in the training of protected areas have a significant negative impact, empirical analysis results are basically consistent with the theoretical analysis, and improve the level of economic development of the nature reserves in the region. Improving the level of education in rural areas, strengthening the training of farmers' employment skills, and strengthening community participation in the management of nature reserves can effectively reduce farmers' dependence on natural resources. It is beneficial to coordinate the relationship between ecological protection and community development. Finally, the evaluation index of natural resource dependence based on the reward of natural resource elements has economic theoretical consistency, but because of capital. The opportunity cost of labor force can not be observed directly, which reduces its maneuverability and makes the result have big error, which is the problem that should be paid attention to in the future research.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“保护与发展:社区视角下协调机制研究”(批准号:71373024) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“生态文明背景下林业经济与生态协调发展机制及主要模式研究”(批准号:2015ZCQ-JG-03)
【分类号】：F327;X36
【正文快照】： 农户对自然资源的利用是自然保护区管理中的一个基础性问题。全球有约16亿居民不同程度地依赖森林资源维持生计,其中约6 000万居民的生计完全依赖森林资源[1]。农户生计对自然资源的依赖程度,直接关系着自然保护区管理中生态保护与社区发展关系的协调。评估自然保护区内部及周

【相似文献】