基于循环经济模式的农村沼气工程综合评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 04:11

本文关键词：基于循环经济模式的农村沼气工程综合评价研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农村的可持续发展关系到我国经济体制改革的成败，如何解决农村经济发展过程带来的环境污染、能源浪费、生产资料浪费严重等发展瓶颈问题，具有良好的现实意义。循环经济是以遵循生态学原理为指导，提高资源利用效率为核心，以减量化、再利用、再循环为原则，以人类社会与自然界和谐发展为目的，获得最大的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。农村循环经济是循环经济理论体系的重要组成部分，其发展模式及路径来源于实践，用之于实践。本文针对农村经济中发展速度较快、环境污染问题较为严重、资源浪费较为突出的畜禽养殖业，提出采用循环经济模式，利用沼气发酵解决畜禽养殖业畜禽粪便和高浓度有机废水带来的环境污染问题以及能源综合利用、沼液生态施肥，进而有力推动区域经济、社会、环境协调发展，，获得经济发展、环境保护、社会和谐的共赢。本文采用定性和定量相结合的方法，以七台河吕生奶牛养殖有限责任公司循环经济发展水平为案例，建立了农村沼气发酵适宜性评估体系，从经济发展、环境影响、社会进步和可持续发展四个角度筛选了25个评价指标，对以沼气发酵为中心的农村循环经济模式进行综合评价，综合评分结果为：优占0%、良占53%、中占43%、差占4%。评价结果表明：四个指标层中环境影响评价结果和可持续发展指标评价结果良，表明超过了标准值的要求，经济发展和社会进步指标评价结果中，接近标准值的要求。根据最大隶属原则可知，七台河吕生奶牛养殖有限责任公司循环经济发展水平为良，表明该公司通过发展循环经济取得了较好的经济、环境和社会效益，并且此循环经济模式有一定的可持续发展潜力。企业通过发展循环经济实现了工业和农业能源利用率的提高，废弃物及行业的特征污染废物综合利用率较高，废水、废气和废物都得到了很好的利用，降低了化肥施用量，提高了农产品及其副产品的绿色度，并且耕地产出率也有一定提高，总体上促进了农产品的价值和品质的提升,各个生产环节都能在附近找到替代原料来源，一个生产环节出现问题不会对其他环节造成严重的影响，且体系内部产品种类较多，良好的内部运行结构加上企业管理制度的制定和实施的有效性使得循环体系具有很好的抗市场冲击能力。存在的问题是由于农村涉及范围较广的经济体系，众多其他的影响因素，在主观因素判断上难免会出现疏漏，在指标体系的构建过程中,因农业生产要素的复杂性导致的问题我们将通过进一步深入研究来逐步完善。
[Abstract]:The sustainable development of rural areas related to China's economic system reform, how to solve the rural economic development process of environmental pollution, energy waste, serious waste of production development bottleneck, has a good practical significance. The circular economy is to follow the principle of ecology, improve resource utilization efficiency as the core, to reduce, reuse, recycling as the principle, to human society and the nature harmonious development, economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits. An important part of rural circular economy is the theory of circular economy system, its development model and path from the practice, for practice.
According to the rural economy in the development of faster, more serious environmental pollution, waste of resources is more prominent in the livestock industry, put forward the mode of circular economy, solve the problem of environmental pollution of livestock and poultry manure and high concentration organic wastewater by anaerobic fermentation and bring about comprehensive utilization of energy, Biogas Ecological fertilization, which effectively promoted the regional economy and society. The coordinated development of environment, economic development, environmental protection, social harmony and win-win.
This paper uses the combined method of qualitative and quantitative, to Qitaihe Lu raw cow breeding Co. the level of development of circular economy as an example, the establishment of the rural biogas suitability assessment system, environmental impact from economic development, social progress and sustainable development of the four angles screened 25 evaluation index, comprehensive evaluation of rural areas the mode of circular economy to biogas as the center, the comprehensive evaluation results: excellent in 0%, good for 53%, accounted for 43%, accounted for the 4%. evaluation results showed that the results in the environmental impact assessment of four indicators and sustainable development evaluation results show that good, than the standard value of the evaluation results, economic index the development and progress of society, close to the standard value. According to the principle of maximum membership that Qitaihe Lu raw cow breeding Co. the development level of circular economy is good, the company through the table The development of circular economy has achieved good economic, environmental and social benefits, and the mode of circular economy has the potential for sustainable development. Some enterprises through the development of circular economy to achieve the industry and agriculture to improve the energy efficiency, waste and waste pollution characteristics of comprehensive industry with higher utilization rate of waste water, waste gas and waste have been used well, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer, improve the degree of green agricultural products and by-products, and land rate has improved, overall promote the value of agricultural products and improving the quality of the various production processes can find alternative sources of raw materials in the vicinity of a production process will not cause problems serious impact on other sectors, and more types of products within the system, the effectiveness of the formulation and implementation of internal structure and good operation of the enterprise management system makes the circulation system Good ability to resist the impact of the market.
The problem is due to the rural economic system which involves a wide range, many other factors influence on subjective factors judgment will inevitably appear omissions in the construction process of the index system, due to the complexity of the problems of our agricultural production factors through further research to gradually improve.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.214

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