县域经济发展中人力资本的流动效应及其变迁

发布时间：2018-01-23 02:51

本文关键词： 县域经济人力资本流动效应变迁　出处：《扬州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：县域作为国民经济的最基本单元,是一种以县城为中心,乡镇为纽带,农村为腹地的区域经济,它结合城镇经济与农村经济,衔接宏观经济与微观经济,在国民经济发展中发挥着举足轻重的作用。因此发展县域经济是统筹城乡、统筹区域经济发展的新思维,是解决“三农”问题的新思维,是推进工业化、城镇化、农业现代化的新思维,也是全面建成小康社会的新思维。在我国面临产业结构升级的过程当中,人力作为经济社会发展的“第一资源”,是最先进、最具创造性的生产力。劳动密集型产业逐渐升级到知识、技术密集型产业使得人力资本为县域经济的发展提供源源不绝的动力,且人力资本也是县域经济产业结构升级的主要引擎。自1980年代以来,我国农村劳动力开始大规模涌入城市,从“离土不离乡”到“进厂又进城、离土又离乡”,再到“回流”,人力资本逐渐从欠发达地区流向发达地区,劳动力的迁移在使得劳动力要素得到优化配置的同时,也引起人力资本在地区间分布的变化。本文以人力资本的流动为切入点,从区域关系的角度对县域经济发展进行专门研究具有一定的创新意义。本文首先对人力资本理论、“推—拉”理论和经济发展理论进行简单梳理。其次以时间为轴线,以经济体制模式为划分依据,将县域经济发展划分为封闭阶段、有限开放阶段和开放阶段这三个不同时段进行研究,每一阶段里对县域人力资本的流动规律进行描述,通过“推-拉”模型进行不同时段人力资本的流动因素分析,通过数据分析由于人力资本的流动对县域经济人力资本的总量和结构产生的影响,以及由于人力资本的流动给流出地、流入地带来的积极效应和消极效应,并辅以江苏县域为例的实证研究,证明人力资本的流动对县域经济的发展密切相关,且人力资本的流入对县域经济发展起到了正向的推动作用,人力资本的流出产生的负效应大于正效应。最后,根据研究结果认为发展中西部县域应当加大教育投资力度,盘活存量；加强人才引进机制,扩充增量；抓住回流契机,建立区域补偿机制；因地制宜产业政策,建立相关产业支撑以推动县域经济发展。
[Abstract]:County as the most basic unit of the national economy, is a county as the center, township as the link, rural as the hinterland of the regional economy, it combines urban and rural economy, linking macroeconomic and micro-economy. Therefore, the development of county economy is a new thinking to coordinate urban and rural development, to coordinate regional economic development, to solve the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and to promote industrialization. The new thinking of urbanization and agricultural modernization is also the new thinking of building a well-off society in an all-round way. In the process of industrial structure upgrading in China, human resources, as the "first resource" of economic and social development, are the most advanced and creative productive forces, and labor-intensive industries are gradually upgraded to knowledge. The technology-intensive industry makes human capital provide an endless power for the development of county economy, and human capital is also the main engine of upgrading the industrial structure of county economy. The rural labor force of our country began to pour into cities on a large scale, from "not leaving the land" to "entering the factory and going to the city, leaving the land and leaving the country", and then to the "return", the human capital gradually flowed from the underdeveloped areas to the developed areas. The migration of labor force not only optimizes the distribution of labor elements, but also changes the distribution of human capital in different regions. In this paper, the flow of human capital as a breakthrough point, from the perspective of regional relations of the county economic development has a certain innovative significance. First of all, this paper on the theory of human capital. The theory of "push-pull" and the theory of economic development are simply combed out. Secondly, the development of county economy is divided into closed stage with time as the axis and economic system model as the basis. The limited opening stage and the open stage are three different periods of study, each stage describes the flow of human capital in the county. Through the "push-pull" model to analyze the factors of human capital flow in different periods, through the data analysis of the impact of human capital flow on the total amount and structure of the county economy human capital. As well as the positive and negative effects brought by the flow of human capital to the outflow area, and the positive and negative effects brought by the flow of human capital, and the empirical study of Jiangsu county, it is proved that the flow of human capital is closely related to the development of county economy. The inflow of human capital plays a positive role in the development of county economy. The negative effect of the outflow of human capital is greater than the positive effect. Finally. According to the results of the study, the development of the central and western counties should increase the investment in education and revitalize the stock; Strengthen the talent introduction mechanism and expand the increment; Seize the opportunity of backflow and establish regional compensation mechanism; According to the local conditions of industrial policy, the establishment of related industry support to promote the county economic development.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F249.21

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