中国公众环境参与的影响因子研究——基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析

发布时间：2018-01-30 16:22

本文关键词： 公众环境参与环境污染污染治理环境来信环境来访　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2015年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：最新的《环境保护公众参与办法(试行)》以法律形式保障了公众对于环境治理的参与行为,在地区经济发展压力大而环境污染自解决机制欠缺的背景下,公众环境参与或将成为环境治理的有效手段。然而目前对于公众环境参与的影响因子却少有研究。本研究通过理论分析及文献梳理构建了公众环境参与理论框架,采用2003-2012年间中国31个省份的面板数据分析社会经济状况、环境污染状况以及政府环境规制对于公众环境参与的影响。实证结果表明,在社会经济因素方面,人均地区生产总值与公众来信正相关,而城镇居民人均年消费支出与来信负相关,说明区域经济发展加剧环境问题,而个人经济状况好转有利于改善环境,二者都促进公众环境参与;在环境污染状况方面,工业废水的排放量以及突发环境事件对于公众参与的影响明显高于工业废气以及固体废物污染,说明人们对于水资源污染的敏感程度要远高于其他两者;在政府规制方面,颁布的环保法律法规数对来访和"两会"提案都呈现出负相关,政府环境污染治理投资比对人大建议数呈负相关关系,说明政府推行的环境政策较成功,对环境污染具有一定的遏制作用,能够减缓环境质量恶化速度;另外,来信比来访更易受上述因素的影响,说明便捷、经济的公众环境参与方式更易接受。以高中生为指标的受教育程度与公众参与不具备相关性,主要是因为受教育程度越高意味着对良好环境质量的偏好越强,选择环境质量更好的社区居住而对环境问题敏感度降低。促进我国公众环境参与需在政策的引导下,提高公众经济水平,增加参与的便利性,并考虑民间发挥民间组织作用。
[Abstract]:The new way of public participation in environmental protection "(Trial)" in the form of legal protection for the public participation in environmental governance, regional economic development and environmental pollution since the pressure to solve the lack of mechanism under the background of public participation in environmental or will become effective means of environmental governance. However, the influence of public environmental participation the factor has seldom been studied. This research through theoretical analysis and literature review of public participation in the environmental construction of the theoretical framework, using the panel data of 31 provinces in the 2003-2012 years China analysis of social economic status, environmental pollution and environmental regulation of the government for public participation in the environmental impact. The empirical results show that, in terms of social economic factors, the per capita production area gross public letters are related, and the expenditure and per capita consumption of urban residents from negative correlation, that regional economic development intensified environmental problems, While individuals of better economic conditions conducive to improving the environment, the two are to promote the public participation in the environmental; in terms of environmental pollution, emissions of industrial wastewater and environmental emergencies for the effect of public participation was significantly higher than that of industrial waste gas and solid waste pollution, illustrate the sensitivity of the water resources pollution is much higher than the other two in the government; regulation, environmental protection laws and regulations promulgated by the number of visitors and show NPC and CPPCC proposal negatively related to government investment in environmental pollution control on the recommendations were negatively correlated, indicating the government's environmental policy is successful, is a deterrent to environmental pollution, can slow the pace of deterioration in environmental quality; in addition, the letter the visiting ratio is more easily influenced by the above factors, the economic environment that is convenient, public participation is more acceptable. High school students refers to the education subject The degree of public participation and does not have the relevance, mainly because of higher level of education means good environmental quality preference is strong, environmental quality and better living in the community of environmental problems less sensitive. To promote the public environment in our country in need under the guidance of the policy, improve the public economic level, increase the convenience in the folk and play the role of civil society organizations.

【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：2015年中国学位与研究生教学学会研究项目(编号:2015Y0106) 湖北省软科学支撑项目(编号:2014BDF086) 中南财经政法大学实验教学项目(编号:SY201431) 2015年中南财经政法大学公共管理学院社会实践调研基金项目
【分类号】：X321
【正文快照】： 环保部于2015年4月14日公开了《环境保护公众参与办法(试行)》(征求意见稿),这是我国首个统领性的环境保护公众参与的办法,将公众参与视为环境保护中不可或缺的重要力量,且认为环保公众参与是公民的一项基本权利,需要得到法律的保障。虽然,办法中规定了公众可以在六个方面参与

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