1990—2012年榆林市土地生态风险综合评价

发布时间：2018-03-14 23:03

本文选题：土地　切入点：生态风险　出处：《中国生态农业学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：土地利用/覆盖变化对区域生态安全和维持生态系统服务功能起着决定性作用,土地生态风险评价是衡量土地资源可持续利用的重要指标。本文以生态脆弱的陕西省榆林市为研究对象,依据榆林市土地系统的基本特征,选取表征干旱风险的降水距平百分率指数、表征人类活动类型及强度的土地利用结构风险及表征土壤侵蚀的土壤水力侵蚀、土壤风力侵蚀4个风险指标,构建土地生态风险综合评价模型,对影响榆林市1990—2010年土地生态风险的因素进行定性和定量的评价与分析。研究结果表明:(1)1990—2012年榆林市的降水距平百分率指数均值呈先减后增的趋势,其低值区主要分布在偏东部地区;(2)21年间土地利用结构生态风险整体上呈先增后减的趋势,区域差异较大且变化明显;(3)土壤水力侵蚀较剧烈的区域主要分布在东部及南部地区,21年间均值呈先增后减的趋势;(4)土壤风力侵蚀较严重的区域主要分布在北部地区,随着时间变化其均值一直呈递减趋势;(5)土地生态风险21年间总体呈减小趋势,各区县生态风险差异显著。通过对榆林市土地生态风险综合评价,可为优化土地资源配置、保护生态环境提供理论建议,实现区域经济生态和谐发展。
[Abstract]:Land use / Cover Change on regional ecological security and the maintenance of ecosystem services play a decisive role in land ecological risk assessment is an important indicator of sustainable utilization of land resources. Based on the ecological fragile Yulin city of Shaanxi Province as the research object, according to the basic characteristics of land system in Yulin City, were selected for drought risk precipitation anomaly the percentage of risk index, structure and soil hydraulic characterization of soil erosion of land use types and intensity of the characterization of human activities, soil wind erosion 4 risk indicators, comprehensive evaluation of land ecological risk assessment model, and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the factors affecting land ecological risk in Yulin City from 1990 to 2010. The results show that: (1) 1990 - 2012 in Yulin City, the precipitation anomaly percentage index mean the trend first decreased then increased, the low value area is mainly distributed in the partial The eastern region; (2) the overall trend first increased and then decreased the structure of ecological risk of land use for 21 years, regional differences and changes; (3) severe soil erosion area mainly distributed in the eastern and southern regions, 21 years mean increased firstly and then decreased; (4) soil wind erosion is serious areas are mainly distributed in the northern region, with the change of time the average has been decreased; (5) land ecological risk 21 years decreased overall, the ecological risk in each district and county respectively. Through comprehensive evaluation on land ecological risk in Yulin City, to optimize the allocation of land resources, and provide theoretical suggestions of protection the ecological environment and realize the harmonious development of regional ecological economy.

【作者单位】：陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院/陕西师范大学地理学国家级实验教学示范中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371523) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(14JJD840004)资助~~
【分类号】：F301.2;X826

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