浙江省农村宅基地退出问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 21:21

本文选题：宅基地退出 + 制度变迁　；参考：《中共浙江省委党校》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在城镇化的大趋势下,农民逐步转变为市民,宅基地退出就成为了我国区域经济发展面临的现实课题。宅基地退出是指转变为市民的农民将其闲置宅基地的权属转移给其他农民、村集体、企业等对象,同时获得相应的补偿。构建合理的宅基地退出机制,是新型城镇化的重要组成部分,有利于土地集约利用、提高农民生活水平、实现农民市民化。本文重点研究:(1)宅基地产权制度变迁趋势分析。国有、私有、集体所有三种宅基地产权形式中,集体所有效率最高,但现有集体所有制具有限制流转、无偿无限期使用等特征,造成一户多宅、空心村、小产权房等问题。根据宅基地的政治稳定、居住保障、经济财产三大功能定位,探讨可行产权结构为集体所有、农民使用、国家管制、收益共享、赋予农民转让权,宅基地制度变迁趋势是实现合法自由流转。(2)浙江省宅基地退出典型案例对比分析。对比研究嘉兴“两分两换”、温州“三分三改”、宁波“农房两改”发现:各地宅基地退出试验促进了土地集约利用,提高了农民生活水平,但没有真正实现市民化;农户的情况存在差异,政府主导型宅基地退出无法兼顾各类农户意愿,影响宅基地退出进程。因此,自由流转目前尚不可行,但市场化变革方向符合实际。本文主要结论是:宅基地最优产权结构安排为集体所有、农民使用、政府管制、收益共享的基础上赋予农民一定的转让权,未来可行的宅基地退出路径应该朝市场化方向变革。首先对国内外学者的研究进行综述,提出宅基地退出机制缺失问题;其次探讨宅基地最适产权结构安排,构建产权制度变迁可行路径;然后综合运用已有文献和实地调研进行多案例对比分析,加以验证与纠正;最后得出结论,提出相应对策建议,是本文逻辑所在。目前我国的宅基地退出实践主要发生于经济发达地区或是城市边缘地区,这类地区土地相对价格高,能够推动宅基地退出。但我国现有政府主导型宅基地退出并不完善,不能兼顾各类农户的意愿,在具体操作过程中引发各种问题。因此,如何完善现有宅基地退出制度是学者必须研究的内容。
[Abstract]:Under the trend of urbanization, farmers gradually change into citizens, and homestead withdrawal has become a realistic subject for the development of regional economy in our country. Homestead withdrawal means that the peasants who turn into citizens transfer the ownership of their idle homestead to other farmers, village collectives, enterprises and other objects, and get the corresponding compensation at the same time. It is an important part of new urbanization to construct a reasonable exit mechanism of homestead, which is beneficial to intensive use of land, improvement of farmers' living standard and realization of farmer's citizenship. This paper focuses on the analysis of the trend of the change of the homestead property system. Among the three forms of homestead property right, state-owned, privately owned and collective-owned, collective ownership is the most efficient, but the existing collective ownership has the characteristics of limiting circulation and using it indefinitely, thus causing problems such as multi-house, hollow village, small property right house and so on. According to the three functions of political stability, housing security and economic property, this paper probes into the feasible property right structure for collective ownership, farmers use, state control, income sharing, and endowing peasants with the right to transfer. The change trend of homestead system is to realize legal free circulation. 2) A comparative analysis of typical cases of homestead withdrawal in Zhejiang Province. The comparative study of Jiaxing "two points and two exchanges", Wenzhou "three thirds and three reforms", Ningbo "rural house two reforms" found that: the withdrawal of residential land around the test to promote the intensive use of land, improve the standard of living of farmers, but did not really realize the city; There are differences in the situation of farmers, the government-led homestead withdrawal can not take into account the wishes of all kinds of farmers, affecting the process of homestead withdrawal. Therefore, free circulation is not feasible at present, but the direction of market-oriented reform is in line with reality. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: on the basis of collective ownership, farmers' use, government control and income sharing, the optimal property structure of homestead should be given certain transfer rights, and the feasible exit path of homestead in the future should be changed towards marketization. Firstly, it summarizes the research of domestic and foreign scholars, and puts forward the problem of the absence of homestead withdrawal mechanism, and then probes into the optimal structure of homestead property right, and constructs the feasible path of property right system change. Then comprehensive use of existing literature and field research for multi-case comparative analysis to verify and correct; finally draw a conclusion and put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions is the logic of this paper. At present, the practice of homestead withdrawal in China mainly occurs in economically developed areas or in urban fringe areas, where land prices are relatively high, which can promote homestead withdrawal. However, the exiting of the government-led homestead is not perfect in our country, and it can not give consideration to the wishes of all kinds of farmers and cause all kinds of problems in the concrete operation process. Therefore, how to improve the existing homestead withdrawal system is the content that scholars must study.
【学位授予单位】：中共浙江省委党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F301.3

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