21世纪印度经济发展及其与中国的比较

发布时间：2018-05-04 07:11

本文选题：印度 + 经济发展　；参考：《山东师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪，印度的经济迅猛增长引起了世人的广泛关注。作为世界上经济增长最快而又采用不同发展模式的两个发展中国家，中国和印度不可避免地成为了世人对比研究的热点。通过对中印经济发展的比较，可为我国经济增长转变提供一定的理论借鉴意义。本文借助区域经济增长理论和经济增长模式理论，，以及一些最新的研究成果，探索21世纪印度经济发展特点以及比较中印两国经济发展模式、发展特征等。论文分为五个部分:第一部分提出研究背景及意义，国内外有关研究现状述评。第二部分阐述区域经济发展的基础理论，包括经济起飞理论、创新与传播理论、二元经济结构理论、区域生产综合体理论、梯度推移发展理论、增长极开发理论、点轴开发理论、网络开发理论等内容。第三部分对印度的经济发展特征进行分析，探讨三次产业发展、经济增长的结构性特征和外资外贸对经济增长的作用。第四部分对中印经济发展特点进行比较，主要从软件服务业、硬件软件基础、未来竞争力和各自经济发展所面临的问题进行分析对比。最后，第五部分论述印度发展模式的启示和对中国的借鉴意义。论文研究发现，在经济的规模、结构、外资外贸的发展、基础设施建设、人口整体素质、政府的权威、政策执行的效率、经济结构分配对经济的拉动等方面，中国领先于印度；而在社会民主程度、经济自由化、私营企业的培育、利用外资的效率、法律制度、金融证券体系的完善程度、与欧美发达国家的文化融合、英语的普及程度、软件服务业的发展、扩大国内需求方面，中国暂时还落后于印度。中印两国的发展模式各有利弊，在不同方面各自具有竞争力。中国和印度经济发展的差距正在逐步缩小，甚至印度的GDP增长速度将很快会超过中国；但是至少在二十年内印度难以赶超中国，中国仍然会继续领先于印度。这一点与许多国内外学者的“印度经济将在十年内赶超中国”的看法大相径庭。
[Abstract]:In the 21 st century, India's rapid economic growth has aroused widespread concern. As two developing countries with the fastest economic growth and different development models, China and India have inevitably become the focus of comparative research. By comparing the economic development between China and India, it can provide some theoretical reference for China's economic growth transformation. With the help of regional economic growth theory, economic growth model theory and some latest research results, this paper explores the characteristics of India's economic development in the 21st century and compares the economic development patterns and development characteristics between China and India. The thesis is divided into five parts: the first part puts forward the research background and significance, domestic and foreign related research review. The second part describes the basic theories of regional economic development, including economic take-off theory, innovation and communication theory, dual economic structure theory, regional production complex theory, gradient development theory, growth pole development theory. Point axis development theory, network development theory and so on. The third part analyzes the characteristics of India's economic development, discusses the three industrial development, the structural characteristics of economic growth and the role of foreign trade on economic growth. The fourth part compares the characteristics of economic development between China and India, mainly from the software service industry, hardware and software foundation, future competitiveness and the problems faced by their respective economic development. Finally, the fifth part discusses the enlightenment of India's development model and its significance to China. The paper finds that China is ahead of India in economic scale, structure, development of foreign trade, infrastructure construction, overall quality of population, authority of government, efficiency of policy implementation and economic structure distribution. On the other hand, the degree of social democracy, economic liberalization, the cultivation of private enterprises, the efficiency of utilizing foreign capital, the legal system, the perfection of the financial and securities system, the cultural integration with the developed countries in Europe and the United States, and the popularity of English, China lags behind India for the development of software services and the expansion of domestic demand. China and India have their own advantages and disadvantages and are competitive in different ways. The gap between China and India is narrowing, and even India's GDP growth will soon outpace China's; but India will struggle to catch up with China for at least two decades, and China will continue to lead India. This contradicts the view of many domestic and foreign scholars that India's economy will overtake China within a decade.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F135.1;F124.1

【参考文献】