神府矿区地下水污染评价与污染场地地下水“三氮”运移模拟研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 10:54

本文选题：地下水 + 污染　；参考：《西北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：神府矿区位于陕西省北部,山西,内蒙古三省(区)交界地区,地处神府煤田腹地,是国家级能源化工基地位于陕北的核心区域。该区属常年干燥,降水稀少的温带干旱半干旱大陆性季风气候,水资源短缺,生态环境脆弱,地表沙化和水土流失严重。尤其是近年来,随着矿产资源的开发利用,区域经济和社会的迅速发展,采矿业和城镇基础设施的建设正在不断扩大,对水资源的需求量日益增加,同时,煤炭资源开发以及煤化工企业生产已不同程度地造成矿区水资源枯竭、地下水污染等环境问题。因此,进行神府矿区地下水水质、污染评价研究,地下水污染物运移模拟以及地下水防污性能研究对有效防治地下水污染,保护地下水水源,为地区实施地下水污染防治规划等都具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。本文基于中国地质调查局《西北地区主要城市地下水污染调查评价》项目中“陕北主要城市地下水污染调查评价”子课题,以神府矿区地下浅层水为研究对象,综合利用资料收集、工矿企业污染源调查、样品采集和理论分析等手段,系统开展神府矿区地下水污染及防污性能评价研究。根据本次地下水污染调查所采集的75组地下水样品测试数据,采用单指标评价法、内梅罗指数法和模糊综合评判法对地下水质量进行评价。单指标评价结果表明TH、Mg2+、Mn、Fe等组分的超标是影响研究区地下水质量的最主要因素；根据内梅罗指数法,研究区地下水超Ⅲ类水比例达68%；模糊综合评判结果显示研究区内超过1/4的地下水不适于饮用。结合研究区地下水环境背景值研究对神府矿区地下水污染进行评价,结果表明研究区内地下水以未污染和轻度污染水体为主,影响该区地下水污染的指标主要有N03-、NO2、F-、Cr6+和Mo等。采用地下水二维流数值模拟对研究区典型污染场地地下水流场以及“三氮”污染物运移进行数值模拟,建立数学模型。通过对场地地下水实测资料与模型计算结果进行模型识别和检验,在场地现有污染程度上对污染源进行消除预测20年后地下水中“三氮”污染物的运移与变化趋势。依据DRASTIC模型,结合研究区实际情况,选择地下水位埋深、包气带介质、含水层岩性、降雨入渗系数和含水层富水性等5个影响地下水防污性能的因素,对5个因子的参数分区图在GIS软件中进行叠加计算,从而生成研究区地下水天然防污性能分区评价图。
[Abstract]:The Shenfu mining area is located in the northern part of Shaanxi Province, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia provinces (District). It is located in the hinterland of Shenfu coal field. It is the core area of the national energy and chemical industry base in Northern Shaanxi. The area belongs to the dry, arid, arid and semi-arid Continental monsoon climate, water shortage, fragile ecological environment, surface desertification and soil erosion. In recent years, especially in recent years, with the development and utilization of mineral resources, the rapid development of regional economy and society, the construction of mining and urban infrastructure is expanding and the demand for water resources is increasing. At the same time, the exploitation of coal resources and the production of coal chemical enterprises have resulted in the exhaustion of water resources in the mining area and the groundwater. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the groundwater quality of the Shenfu mining area, the assessment of pollution, the simulation of the migration of groundwater, and the study of groundwater antifouling performance for the effective prevention and control of groundwater pollution, the protection of groundwater source, and the implementation of the prevention and control plan of groundwater pollution in the region.
Based on the sub project of "investigation and evaluation of groundwater pollution in the main cities of North Shaanxi, the survey and evaluation of groundwater pollution in the main cities of North Shaanxi", this paper takes the shallow groundwater of Shenfu mining area as the research object, comprehensive utilization of data collection, investigation of pollution sources of industrial and mining enterprises, sample collection and theoretical analysis, and so on. Study on groundwater pollution and antifouling performance evaluation in Shenfu mining area.
According to the test data of 75 groups of groundwater samples collected from the groundwater pollution survey, the groundwater quality is evaluated by the single index evaluation method, Nemero index method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results of single index evaluation show that the super standard of TH, Mg2+, Mn, Fe and other components is the most important factor affecting the quality of groundwater in the study area; The Melo index method shows that the proportion of super III water of groundwater in the study area is 68%, and the results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation show that the groundwater over 1/4 in the study area is not suitable for drinking. The groundwater pollution in Shenfu mining area is evaluated by the study of the background value of the groundwater environment in the study area. The results show that the groundwater in the study area is not polluted and slightly polluted. N03-, NO2, F-, Cr6+ and Mo are the main indicators affecting groundwater pollution in the area.
The numerical simulation of groundwater flow field and the movement of "three nitrogen" pollutants in the typical polluted area of the research area is simulated by numerical simulation of groundwater two-dimensional flow. The mathematical model is established. The model is identified and tested by the measured data of ground ground water and the model calculation results, and the pollution sources are eliminated and predicted by the present pollution degree of the site 20. The movement and change trend of "three nitrogen" pollutants in groundwater after a year.
According to the DRASTIC model and the actual situation in the study area, we choose 5 factors that affect the anti fouling performance of groundwater, such as the buried depth of the groundwater level, the medium of the aeration zone, the lithology of the aquifer, the infiltration coefficient of the rainfall and the water rich in the aquifer, and the calculation of the parameter zoning of the 5 factors in the software in order to generate the natural antifouling property of the groundwater in the study area. A partition evaluation chart.

【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X523;X824

【参考文献】