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发布时间：2018-05-30 10:47

本文选题：人口迁移 + 人口流动　；参考：《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着改革开放以来我国社会主义市场经济的蓬勃发展,人口迁移流动不仅规模在加大,速度也在加快。由于我国城乡分割的二元户籍制度的存在,使得地区总人口的衡量存在户籍人口和常住人口两个统计口径。伴随着人口迁移流动态势的不断增强,一个可以明显观察到的现象就是地区常住人口与户籍人口之间的背离,并且这种背离性随着人口迁移流动的日益活跃也在不断扩大。日益扩大的常住-户籍人口缺口对我国区域经济社会和城乡关系的协调发展,以及城乡居民基本权利的保障都将产生不利影响。由于我国特殊的城乡二元的户籍制度背景,人口迁移流动作为城镇化发展和深化的重要推动力量,其促进作用实际上被延缓了。不同地区、不同类型的城市在不同时期的常住人口与户籍人口之间的缺口及其变动表现出一些不同的特点,从这种变动中我们可以观察到我国人口迁移流动的动态性和基本特征。本文通过对改革开放以来尤其是进入本世纪以后的分区域人口迁移流动的实际状况进行了描述和分析,运用构建的常住-户籍人口缺口指标来观察我国分地区人口迁移流动态势,并进一步分析了人口迁移流动与户籍制度改革实际效应之间的协调性。研究有以下几点发现：(1)改革开放以来我国各地区的常住人口与户籍人口之间的缺口总体不断扩大,城乡常住-户籍人口缺口在本世纪后呈现迅速扩大态势,使得以常住人口为口径的城镇化率远高于户籍人口城镇化率。(2)东部地区的人口导入态势进一步增强,因人口导入带来的常住人口变动速度快于户籍人口,户籍制度对人口的吸纳力明显滞后于人口的迁移流动。(3)中西部的人口导出态势也在增强,常住人口导出的速度略快于户籍人口,但西部地区相比中部地区呈现出一定的内部吸引力。(4)大城市尤其是东部地区的大城市常住-户籍人口缺口扩大的程度和人口导入速度均为最高,显示出户籍制度改革较强的滞后性。中西部的中等城市仍表现出一定的吸引力,而小城市由于相对缓慢的经济发展和较少的工作机会,表现出较低的人口吸引力。本文认为,要促进人口在地区间的持续合理流动,进一步推进我国的城镇化发展,应注重推动城乡联动、区域联动和大中小城市联动的户籍制度改革,进而保证各地区的经济社会和人口的协调发展。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of socialist market economy in China since the reform and opening up, population migration is not only increasing in scale, but also accelerating. Due to the existence of the dual household registration system which is divided into urban and rural areas in China, the measurement of the regional total population has two statistical criteria: the household registration population and the permanent resident population. With the increasing trend of population migration, an obvious phenomenon can be observed is the deviation between resident population and household registration population, and this deviation is expanding with the increasing activity of population migration. The increasing gap between permanent residence and household registration will have a negative impact on the coordinated development of regional economy and society and the relationship between urban and rural areas, as well as on the protection of the basic rights of urban and rural residents. Because of the special background of the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas in China, population migration, as an important driving force for the development and deepening of urbanization, has actually been delayed. The gap between the resident population and the resident population in different regions, different types of cities in different periods and their changes show some different characteristics. From this change, we can observe the dynamic and basic characteristics of population migration in China. This paper describes and analyzes the actual situation of the migration of population in the sub-regions since the reform and opening up, especially after entering this century. This paper uses the index of permanent residence and household registration gap to observe the situation of population migration in different regions of China, and further analyzes the coordination between population migration and the actual effect of the reform of household registration system. The study found that the gap between the resident population and the household registration population in various regions of China has been expanding since the reform and opening up, and the gap between urban and rural permanent residents and household registration population has rapidly expanded after this century. This makes the urbanization rate based on the resident population far higher than the urbanization rate of the registered household population.) the trend of population import in the eastern region is further strengthened. The rate of change of the permanent resident population brought about by the introduction of the population is faster than that of the resident population. The household registration system obviously lags behind the migration flow of the population.) the situation of population export in the central and western regions is also increasing, and the rate of the permanent resident population exporting is slightly faster than that of the household registration population. However, compared with the central region, the western region presents a certain internal attractiveness.) in the large cities, especially in the eastern region, the extent of the gap between permanent residence and household registration and the speed of population import are the highest. It shows that the reform of the household registration system is lagging behind. Middle-sized cities in the Midwest still show some appeal, while smaller cities show lower demographic attractiveness due to relatively slow economic growth and fewer job opportunities. This paper holds that in order to promote the sustainable and reasonable flow of population among regions and further promote the development of urbanization in our country, we should pay attention to the reform of the household registration system of the linkage between urban and rural areas, regional linkage, and the linkage of large, medium and small cities. Thus ensuring the coordinated development of the economic, social and population of various regions.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D631.42

【参考文献】