长春市科技型中小企业发展对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 23:46

本文选题：长春市 + 科技型中小企业　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：科技型中小企业是集合了知识、技术和人才等多种要素并以科技创新为核心，以高新技术及产品的研制开发、生产转化和销售经营为主体业务的企业实体。世界各国经济发展经验表明：一国经济成长不能仅仅依靠少数大企业，更要倚重数量庞大、机制灵活、创新活跃的中小企业，特别是科技型中小企业。科技型中小企业是技术创新的源头和技术成果转化的直接载体，在推动市场繁荣、创造就业机会和调整产业结构等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。在目前我国“加快经济发展方式转变，促进经济结构调整”的新形势和新任务下，长春市如何通过发展和壮大科技型中小企业促进新兴产业发展、推动传统产业升级、优化产业结构、促进区域经济发展，成为亟待解决的问题。对此，本文试图以企业管理理论为指导，在对长春市科技型中小企业发展问题进行案头调研和实际调研的基础上，，对长春市科技型中小企业发展中涉及的以下方面进行实证分析：第一，科技型中小企业内涵和特征的界定；第二，国外有代表性的国家和地区，以及国内科技型中小企业发展经验；第三，长春市科技型中小企业发展现状、面临的发展环境和现存问题，以及光电信息、生物医药、新材料、新能源、先进装备制造等战略性新兴产业和重点科技型中小企业的发展情况；第四，促进长春市科技型中小企业发展的基本原则、政策建议和保障措施。研究表明，改革开放以来，随着市场经济体制的逐步完善和民营经济的不断发展壮大，长春市科技型中小企业规模不断壮大，在科研实力上都取得了长足的发展，成为推动长春市科技创新和经济发展的重要微观主体。但是，与国内外发达地区相比，长春市科技型中小企业无论在数量上还是质量上都还有很大的提升空间。如：促进科技型中小企业发展的政策法规和社会化服务体系尚需进一步完善，科技资金投入总量需进一步加强，产业结构不够完善，科技型中小企业产业集群化程度不高，融资渠道狭窄，科技型人才不足，战略规划意识不强，组织结构设计不合理，技术创新投入不足，财务管理制度不够完善等。本文认为，促进长春市科技型中小企业发展，需要解决科技型中小企业结构不够完善、集群化程度低，企业科研资金投入不足、发展资金短缺，企业市场开拓能力及创新能力薄弱，以及不公平竞争等问题。对此，长春市需要一方面大力支持传统产业领域的中小企业利用高新技术改造传统产业，同时围绕光电信息、生物医药、新材料、新能源、先进装备制造等领域，不断延伸重点产业链，优化中小企业与大企业的共生模式；其次要加大政府财政支持和资金引导力度，逐步建立起统一明确的税收优化政策，完善行业融资体系，改善企业融资环境；再次，对于成长性强、经济社会效益好的科技型中小企业，应当加大政府投资类项目产品采购力度，大力支持企业加强品牌建设，建立健全营销服务体系。同时，建立和发展技术创新基地，加强产学研合作，完善服务体系，推进企业知识产权战略实施，实施激励创新人才政策，规范市场秩序等，也是推动科技型中小企业发展所必不可少的保障措施。
[Abstract]:The small and medium enterprises of science and technology are the enterprise entities that assemble the knowledge, the technology and the talent and so on, take the scientific and technological innovation as the core, develop the high-tech and the products, produce transformation and sales management as the main business entity. The economic development experience of the countries in the world shows that the economic growth of a country can not only rely on a few large enterprises, but also depend on the economic development of a country. The small and medium enterprises with large quantity, flexible mechanism and active innovation, especially the small and medium enterprises of science and technology, are the source of technological innovation and the direct carrier of the transformation of technical achievements. It plays a more and more important role in promoting the prosperity of the market, creating employment opportunities and adjusting the industrial structure. Under the new situation and new task of economic structure adjustment and economic structure adjustment, it is an urgent problem for Changchun to promote the development of new industries, promote the upgrading of traditional industries, optimize the industrial structure and promote the development of regional economy.
In this regard, based on the enterprise management theory, on the basis of the investigation and practical investigation of the development of Changchun scientific and technological small and medium enterprises, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the following aspects of the development of small and medium sized and small enterprises in Changchun: first, the definition of the connotation and characteristics of the small and medium enterprises in science and technology; second. Representative countries and regions, as well as the development experience of domestic scientific and technological SMEs; third, the development situation of small and medium sized enterprises in Changchun, the development environment and existing problems, as well as the development of optoelectronic information, biomedicine, new materials, new energy, advanced equipment manufacturing and other new and newly emerging industries and key technology-based SMEs Situation; fourth, the basic principles, policy recommendations and safeguard measures to promote the development of SMEs in Changchun.
The research shows that, since the reform and opening up, with the gradual improvement of the market economy system and the continuous development and expansion of the private economy, the scale of scientific and technological SMEs in Changchun has grown steadily, and has made great progress in the scientific research strength. It has become an important micro body to promote scientific and technological innovation and economic development in Changchun. However, it has been developed at home and abroad. Compared with the region, the small and medium sized and small enterprises in Changchun have great improvement space in both quantity and quality. For example, the policies and regulations of promoting the development of scientific and technological small and medium enterprises and the social service system need to be further improved, the total investment in scientific and technological capital needs to be further strengthened, the industrial structure is not perfect and the small and medium-sized enterprises of science and technology type produce. The degree of industry cluster is not high, the financing channels are narrow, the scientific and technological talents are insufficient, the awareness of strategic planning is not strong, the design of organizational structure is not reasonable, the investment of technological innovation is insufficient, and the financial management system is not perfect.
In this paper, it is believed that to promote the development of small and medium sized enterprises in Changchun, it is necessary to solve problems such as inadequate structure of the small and medium sized enterprises, low degree of clustering, insufficient investment in scientific research funds, shortage of funds for development, weak development ability and innovation ability of enterprise market, and unfair competition and so on. In this regard, the city of Changchun needs a strong support on the one hand. The small and medium enterprises in the field of traditional industry make use of high and new technology to transform the traditional industry, and continue to extend the key industrial chain around the fields of photoelectric information, bio medicine, new materials, new energy, advanced equipment manufacturing and so on, and optimize the symbiotic mode of small and medium enterprises and large enterprises; secondly, we should increase government financial support and fund guidance and gradually build up. We should establish a unified and clear tax optimization policy, perfect the industry financing system and improve the enterprise financing environment; thirdly, for the medium and small enterprises with strong growth and good economic and social benefits, we should increase the purchasing power of the products of the government investment projects, support the enterprises to strengthen the brand construction and establish a sound marketing service system. Developing the base of technological innovation, strengthening the cooperation of production, research and research, perfecting the service system, promoting the implementation of the enterprise intellectual property strategy, implementing the policy of stimulating innovative talents, and standardizing the market order, are also the necessary safeguard measures to promote the development of small and medium enterprises in science and technology.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.3

【参考文献】