长株潭地区生态服务价值变化及驱动力分析

发布时间：2018-06-16 00:27

本文选题：生态服务价值 + 时空变化　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济社会的快速发展,人类活动对各类生态系统造成的影响日益增强,几乎所有生态系统都受到了人类不同程度的破坏,且部分生态系统的变化已经影响到了人类切身的利益。长株潭地区是湖南省经济发展水平较高的地区,该区生态服务价值变化强烈,通过对该地区生态服务价值变化及驱动力的研究可以促进区域经济平稳较快发展以及对实现长株潭“两型”社会建设的目标具有重要意义。本文采用直接市场法、替代市场法与模拟市场法相结合的方法,较为系统地构建了生态服务价值评估体系,在此基础上对研究区域各类生态系统及各类生态服务的服务价值进行了科学估算,并结合有关数据,通过定性与定量的分析对导致生态服务价值变化的驱动力因素进行了探讨。主要研究结论如下： (1)2000—2010年长株潭地区的生态服务价值下降趋势明显,由2000年的756.20亿元减少到2010年的684.97亿元,年变化率为-0.98%,并随着经济发展及三市融城步伐的加快,其减少幅度有进一步扩大的趋势。 (2)从各生态系统的服务价值来看,林地生态系统的生态服务价值占比最高,但随着时间的变化,它产生的服务价值正效应不断减弱,而城镇用地生态系统产生的服务价值负效应不断加强。 (3)从各生态服务的服务价值来看,气体调节的服务价值占比最高。2000—2010年,特殊服务产生的服务价值负效应有一定程度的增加,其他生态服务产生的服务价值正效应有不同程度的减少,其中气体调节、水文调节与废物处理减少最多。 (4)从各县(市、区)的生态服务价值来看,生态服务价值呈四周高中间低的分布状况,高值地区主要分布在区域的东北部,低值地区主要集中分布区域的中北部。生态服务价值变化的热点地区主要集中在区域中部的三个市辖区。 (5)从各县(市、区)各生态系统的服务价值来看,耕地与城镇用地生态系统服务价值变化的热点地区集中在区域中部的长沙市辖区、株洲市辖区与湘潭市辖区；林地生态系统服务价值变化的热点地区集中在区域中部的株洲市辖区、湘潭市辖区与韶山市；水域生态系统服务价值变化的热点地区为区域东北部的浏阳市与中部的株洲县。 (6)从驱动力因素来看,自然因素、社会经济因素和土地利用因素均与生态服务价值的变化息息相关,要保持长株潭地区生态服务价值的稳定,最主要的是要合理控制城市化的发展步伐。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society , the impact of human activities on all kinds of ecosystems has been strengthened , almost all of the ecosystems have been damaged by different degrees of human beings , and some of the ecosystem changes have affected the interests of human being .

In this paper , the direct market method , the alternative market method and the method of simulating the market method are adopted , and the ecological service value evaluation system is constructed systematically , and the service value of each type of ecological system and ecological service in the research region is scientifically estimated , and the driving force factors that cause the change of the value of the ecological service are discussed through qualitative and quantitative analysis .

( 1 ) The declining trend of ecological service value in Changsha - Zhuzhou - Tan area from 2000 to 2010 is obvious , from 756 . 2 billion yuan in 2000 to 684 . 97 billion yuan in 2010 , the annual rate of change is - 0.98 % , and with the acceleration of economic development and the pace of the three city Rongcheng , its decline is further expanded .

( 2 ) From the value of ecosystem services , the ecosystem services value of forest ecosystem is the highest , but with the change of time , the positive effect of the value of ecosystem services is declining , while the negative effect of service value generated by urban land ecosystem is constantly strengthened .

( 3 ) From the value of the service value of each ecological service , the service value of gas regulation is the highest . In 2000 - 2010 , the negative effect of the service value generated by special service is increased to some extent , and the positive effect of the service value generated by other ecological services is reduced to some extent , among which the gas regulation , the hydrology regulation and the waste treatment are the most .

( 4 ) According to the ecological service value of each county ( city and district ) , the ecological service value is in the middle and low distribution of the four sides , the high value region is mainly distributed in the north - east region of the region , and the low - value region is mainly concentrated in the north - central region of the region , and the hotspot region of the change of the value of the ecological service is mainly concentrated in the three municipal districts in the middle of the region .

( 5 ) From the value of ecosystem services in each county ( city and district ) , the hotspot areas of the change of ecosystem service value between cultivated land and urban land are concentrated in Changsha municipal district , Zhuzhou municipal district and Hsiangtan municipal district in the central part of the region ;
The hot spot area of forest ecosystem service value change is concentrated in Zhuzhou municipal district , Xiangtan city district and Shaoshan city in the middle of the region ;
The hot spot of the change of ecosystem service value in water area is Zhuzhou County of Liuyang city and central part of the northeast of the region .

( 6 ) From the driving force factor , natural factors , socio - economic factors and land - use factors are closely related to the change of ecological service value . To maintain the stability of ecological service value in Changsha - Zhuzhou - Tan area , it is essential to control the development of urbanization reasonably .
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X826

【参考文献】