江苏省纺织服装行业“用工荒”的影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-07-06 13:40

本文选题：用工荒 + 农民工　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：2004年初，“用工荒”第一次出现在广东东莞，随后从沿海地区发展到了内陆地区。江苏省“用工荒”现象出现相对较晚，主要集中在以纺织服装为代表的劳动密集型行业，并对江苏省的经济发展造成双重影响，机遇与挑战并存。本文基于国内外对“用工荒”和城乡劳动力转移的研究，以劳动力流动理论、劳动力供给与需求理论和人力资本理论为基础，综合运用文献分析法、问卷调查法以及岭回归分析法，并拓展了托达罗模型，对江苏省纺织服装行业“用工荒”的影响因素进行了实证分析。首先结合相关数据对全国及江苏省的“用工荒”现状、特征、影响进行了分析。其次对“刘易斯拐点”作了初步判断，表明“用工荒”的出现并不是农村剩余劳动力转移殆尽造成的。然后从劳动力供给与需求两个方面分析“用工荒”的成因，从供给角度来看，农民工的工资水平、农业收益、农民工的人力资本、就业歧视、农业现代化发展水平均影响着农民工的有效供给。而从需求角度来看，经济总体形势的好转和区域经济的发展都增大了用工需求。在此基础上进一ki拓展了托达罗模型，在“用工荒”的成因中提取6个主要因素构建模型，采用岭回归分析法进行实证分析，结果表明增加农民工的务工收益，提高农业现代化的水平，进一ki推动城镇化发展，加强农民工的受教育程度，均可有效促进农民工流动，进而缓解江苏纺织服装业的“用工荒”。最后从加强劳动力供给和企业减少用工需求的角度提出了对策建议，当前纺织服装业还应继续发挥行业优势，但从长远来看必须加强转型升级，，摆脱对劳动力的过度依赖，并增加涨薪空间，提高就业吸引力。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of 2004, "labor shortage" first appeared in Dongguan, Guangdong, and then from coastal areas to inland areas. The phenomenon of "labor shortage" in Jiangsu province was relatively late, mainly concentrated in the labor intensive industry represented by textile and clothing, which had double influence on the economic development of Jiangsu Province, and both opportunities and challenges coexisted.
Based on the theory of labor flow, the theory of labor supply and demand and the theory of human capital, this paper, based on the theory of labor flow, the theory of labor supply and demand and the theory of human capital, combines the method of literature analysis, questionnaire and ridge regression analysis, and expands the model of todros, which is a "shortage of labor in Jiangsu textile and clothing industry". The influencing factors are analyzed.
First of all, it analyzes the status, characteristics and influence of "labor shortage" in the whole country and Jiangsu province. Secondly, it makes a preliminary judgement on "Lewis turning point", which shows that the emergence of "labor shortage" is not caused by the transfer of surplus labor in rural areas. Then, the "labor shortage" is analyzed from two aspects of labor supply and demand. From the perspective of supply, the wage level of migrant workers, agricultural income, human capital of migrant workers, employment discrimination, and the development level of agricultural modernization all affect the effective supply of migrant workers. From the perspective of demand, the improvement of the overall economic situation and the development of regional economy have increased the demand for employment. On this basis, the development of Ki is expanded. In the Todaro model, 6 main factors are extracted from the cause of "labor shortage", and the ridge regression analysis is used to carry out empirical analysis. The results show that the income of migrant workers is increased, the level of agricultural modernization is raised, the development of urbanization and the education degree of peasant workers can be promoted by the ki, which can effectively promote the migrant workers' flow, In the end, the "shortage of labor" in Jiangsu textile and garment industry is alleviated. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the angle of strengthening the supply of labor and the demand of enterprises to reduce employment. The textile and garment industry should continue to play the advantages of the industry, but in the long run, it is necessary to strengthen the transformation and upgrade, get rid of the excessive dependence on the labor force, and increase the salary space and increase the salary space. Employment attraction.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F249.21;F426.86

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