私人投资对我国区域经济发展的影响研究

发布时间：2018-12-11 22:29

【摘要】：一直以来,投资被看作是拉动经济增长的“三驾马车”之一,我国各区域也曾经依靠投资实现经济的快速增长。本文涉及的私人投资包括全社会投资中去除国有经济投资和集体经济投资的剩余部分,这部分投资在改革开放之后有了很大发展,能够体现出中国市场化发展中个人和企业投资者对经济做出的贡献。当前政府提出要进一步简政放权,释放市场活力,但私人投资受到投资渠道、投资风险、投资环境和投资期限等诸多条件的限制,那么如何能引导私人投资促进经济结构优化升级、提高各区域经济发展总体水平以适应经济新常态,也成为当前区域经济学研究的重要课题。本文研究私人投资对区域经济发展的影响分为理论和实证,理论部分首先对私人投资的概念及自身属性进行了描述,并对本文经济发展的概念和指标进行解释,然后介绍经济发展相关理论和分析私人投资对经济发展的影响机制,以此为基础对我国东中西部地区私人投资和经济发展的现状进行分析。本文实证研究将我国分为东中西部三个分区,首先利用因子分析法评价三个区域的经济发展水平,从结果可以看出三者之间经济发展的差异。第二步对三个区域分别进行相关性和因果关系的检验,从检验结果可以看出私人投资与经济发展水平不仅具有长期均衡关系,还具有双向的因果关系。本文最后,根据理论和实证研究结果,为不同区域有效利用私人投资建设区域经济提出了建议。通过一系列理论和实证研究,本文主要得出以下结论：第一、从整体水平来看,随着市场经济的深化发展,我国私人投资在固定资产投资总额中占比超过其他投资,已成为全社会投资的主要力量。第二、我国私人投资地区分布非常不均,东部地区占有了大部分私人投资,与此相对应的是东部地区经济发展水平也高于中西部地区。第三、随着我国中部崛起和西部大开发战略的实施,中西部地区的私人投资增长速度稍高于东部,中西部地区投资环境的改善将会吸引更多投资,从而推动地区经济发展水平的提高。第四、不同类型私人投资对东中西部地区的影响是有差别的,其中境内私人投资在全国的影响都是正面的,但对中西部经济发展的拉动作用最大；而境外私人投资仅对东部地区经济发展水平的影响是正面的,对中西部的影响很小,甚至与经济发展水平为反向相关关系。这主要是由于境外私人投资集聚现象非常明显,中西部地区吸引境外私人投资较少,因此其对地区经济发展的贡献也很少。
[Abstract]:For a long time, investment is regarded as one of the "troika" to stimulate economic growth, and every region of our country once depended on investment to realize the rapid economic growth. The private investment involved in this paper includes the removal of the rest of the investment in the state-owned economy and the collective economy from the whole social investment, which has developed greatly after the reform and opening up. It can reflect the contribution of individual and enterprise investors to the economy in China's market-oriented development. At present, the government has proposed to further decentralize power and release market vitality. However, private investment is restricted by many conditions, such as investment channels, investment risks, investment environment and investment duration. So how to guide private investment to promote the optimization and upgrading of economic structure and improve the overall level of regional economic development to adapt to the new normal economy has also become an important topic in the current regional economics research. In this paper, the impact of private investment on regional economic development is divided into theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part first describes the concept of private investment and its own attributes, and explains the concept and indicators of economic development in this paper. Then it introduces the relevant theories of economic development and analyzes the influence mechanism of private investment on economic development, based on which the present situation of private investment and economic development in the eastern, western and western regions of China is analyzed. In this paper, we divide our country into three regions. Firstly, we use factor analysis method to evaluate the economic development level of the three regions. From the results, we can see the difference of economic development among the three regions. The second step is to test the correlation and causality of the three regions respectively. From the test results, we can see that the private investment and the level of economic development not only have a long-term equilibrium relationship, but also have a two-way causal relationship. Finally, according to the theoretical and empirical research results, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the effective use of private investment in different regions to build regional economy. Through a series of theoretical and empirical studies, this paper draws the following conclusions: first, with the deepening development of the market economy, private investment accounts for more of the total fixed asset investment than other investment in the overall level. Has become the main force of social investment. Secondly, the distribution of private investment in China is very uneven. The eastern region accounts for most of the private investment, and the economic development level of the eastern region is also higher than that of the central and western regions. Third, with the rise of the central part of China and the implementation of the strategy of developing the western region, the growth rate of private investment in the central and western regions is slightly higher than that in the eastern part, and the improvement of the investment environment in the central and western regions will attract more investment. So as to promote the level of regional economic development. Fourth, the influence of different types of private investment on the eastern, western and western regions is different, in which the domestic private investment is positive in the whole country, but it plays the most important role in the economic development of the central and western regions. The influence of foreign private investment on the economic development level of the eastern region is positive, and the influence on the central and western regions is very small, and even has a negative correlation with the level of economic development. This is mainly due to the phenomenon of foreign private investment agglomeration is very obvious, the central and western regions attract less foreign private investment, so its contribution to regional economic development is also very little.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F127

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