公共支出对我国经济增长质量的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 14:06

本文关键词：公共支出对我国经济增长质量的影响研究　出处：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公共支出与经济增长的关系一直是经济学界探讨的热点问题之一,而经济增长质量的一个重要体现就是TFP(全要素生产率）水平的高低,中国经济的飞速增长，主要依靠资本和劳动等要素的大量投入，而并非通过提高全要素生产率的途径来实现，随着改革开放的深入，这种由粗放型的经济增长模式所带来的资源浪费、生态环境恶化、经济结构失调等一系列问题已经开始影响我国的经济的可持续发展。所以，，提升经济增长质量显得刻不容缓，而提升经济增长质量的关键点在于加快科技进步、提高劳动者素质、优化资源配置等，这一切的落脚点就在于TFP的提升，而政府在促进经济发展和提升经济增长质量的过程中又处在主导的地位，因此文章从政府公共支出的角度来研究全要素生产率的增长问题，对中国制定合理的财政支出政策以提升经济增长质量有着重要的实践意义和理论价值。首先，为了能更深入地研究公共支出对TFP的影响，文章首先从理论上将公共支出分成经济性支出、社会性支出和维持性支出，并考察了它们影响TFP的作用机制,即经济性支出通过影响资本投入来影响TFP，社会性支出通过影响劳动力、人力资本、RD资本投入来影响TFP，维持性支出通过形成信息类公共物品、引导技术创新来影响TFP。另外,考虑到影响TFP的因素会有很多,文章还将地方财政总收入、FDI和对外贸易考虑在内以考察它们对TFP的影响机制，即财政收入通过税收优惠政策来影响TFP，FDI通过促进技术溢出来影响TFP，国际贸易通过优化资源配置、促进知识国际溢出、加深专业分工来影响TFP。其次，文章还具体介绍了一种测算全要素生产率的方法，即随机前沿分析方法，包括其理论模型、估计以及检验等。并且，运用随机前沿生产函数模型，测算出2000-2011年中国29个省区的TFP水平，通过测算结果分析可以得出：2000-2011年间，中国的整体TFP呈现出稳步上升的趋势，但是增长速度十分缓慢，中国的经济增长依旧是粗放型的增长，中国要想保持高速的经济增长，必须从根本上提高全要素生产率。最后，文章将选取的29个省份划分为东、中、西三个经济地带，利用29个省份的面板数据和普通最小二乘法分别对东、中、西部地区进行实证估计，给出了各个因素影响各个地区TFP的定量结果。实证结果表明：经济性公共支出对三大地区的TFP均存在显著的正向效应；社会性支出对三大地区的TFP的影响并不相同，对东部和中部地区的影响显著为正，但对西部地区的影响为负，却不显著；维持性支出对三大地区的TFP影响也不相同，对东部和中部地区的呈现不显著的正相关，对西部呈现显著的正相关。财政收入对东部地区TFP影响显著为负，对中、西部的TFP影响不显著。FDI对东、中部地区的影响显著为正，而对西部地区的TFP影响显著为负；对外贸易对我国东中西部的TFP影响均显著为正。这说明：我地方政府公共支出对TFP的影响因支出内容和地区而异,各地区政府应该通过改善财政支出结构来促进本地区经济增长质量;财政收入对TFP的影响因不同地区而异，政府需因地制宜调整税收政策；FDI对TFP的影响因不同地区而异,政府需要加强对外商直接投资的正确引导;对外贸易对促进各地区经济增长质量有显著推动作用,应积极扩大各地区对外贸易。
[Abstract]:The relationship between public expenditure and economic growth has been one of the hot issues in the economics study, and an important manifestation of the quality of economic growth is TFP (TFP) level, the rapid growth of China economy, mainly rely on a large number of inputs of capital and labor and other factors, rather than by means of enhancing TFP to to realize, with the deepening of reform and opening-up, the mode of economic growth caused by the extensive waste of resources, deterioration of ecological environment, economic structural imbalance and a series of problems have begun to influence the sustainable development of China's economy. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the quality of economic growth, the key point to improve the quality of economic growth is to accelerate science and technology progress, improve the quality of workers, optimizing the allocation of resources, all this foothold lies in the ascent of TFP, and the government in promoting economic development and promotion Also in the leading position of the quality of economic growth, so the growth of public expenditure from the government point of view to study the total factor productivity, to improve the quality of economic growth has important practical significance and theoretical value of China to develop a reasonable expenditure policies.
First of all, in order to further study the impact of public expenditure on TFP, firstly, from the theory of public expenditure into economic expenditure, social expenditures and maintenance expenditure, and then analyzes the mechanism of the effect of TFP, namely the economic expenditure through the impact of capital investment to affect TFP, social expenditure by the influence of labor, human capital, RD capital investment to affect TFP, maintenance expenditure through the formation of information public goods, technology innovation to guide TFP. in addition, considering the influence factors of the TFP will have a lot of, the local fiscal revenue, FDI and foreign trade are taken into account to investigate their effects on the mechanism of TFP, namely the fiscal revenue the preferential tax policy to influence TFP, FDI by promoting the technology spill over effects of TFP, international trade through optimizing the allocation of resources, promote international knowledge spillover, deepen the professional division of labor to influence TFP.
Secondly, the article also introduces a method to calculate the total factor productivity, namely the stochastic frontier analysis methods, including its theoretical model, estimation and testing. Moreover, using stochastic frontier production function model to calculate the 2000-2011 Chinese 29 provinces TFP level, through the calculation results can be obtained by the analysis of 2000-2011 years the overall TFP China showed a steady upward trend, but the growth rate is very slow, Chinese economic growth is still extensive growth, China to maintain rapid economic growth, we must fundamentally improve the TFP.
Finally, the article will select the 29 provinces are divided into East and West, three economic zones, using the panel data of 29 provinces and ordinary least squares method respectively to the East, in the empirical estimation of the western region, gives the various influence factors of each region TFP quantitative results. The empirical results show that the economic public spending have significant positive effect on the three major areas of TFP; influence of social expenditure on the three regions of the TFP is not the same, the influence of the eastern and central regions is significantly positive, but the influence of the western region is negative, but not significant; maintain the effect of expenditure on the three regions TFP not the same, the eastern and central regions showed no significant positive correlation, the result showed a significant positive correlation. The fiscal revenue impact on the eastern region of TFP is significantly negative for TFP, no significant influence of Western.FDI on the East, the central region significantly influence The positive impact on the western area of TFP is significantly negative; foreign trade on China's East and west of the TFP effect was significantly positive. This shows that: the influence of local government public expenditure on the expenditure for TFP content and vary from region to region, the local government should improve fiscal expenditure structure to promote the quality of economic growth the local area; the impact of fiscal revenue to TFP differ from region to region, government needs to adjust the tax policies according to local conditions; the effect of FDI on TFP differ from region to region, the government needs to strengthen the correct guidance of foreign direct investment; foreign trade has a significant role in promoting the quality of economic growth in all regions, should actively expand foreign trade in different regions.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F224;F124.1;F812.45

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