我国行业收入差距的影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-01-11 23:15

本文关键词：我国行业收入差距的影响因素分析　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济体制逐步改革,传统计划经济条件下的分配制度被打破,不同行业职工的收入差距开始逐步扩大已经引起了社会各界的关注,成为理论界研究的热点问题之一。本文主要针对我国行业收入差距不断扩大的现象,系统的分析了具体的影响因素,并在此基础上详细的探究技术创新对行业收入变动的作用机制。这其中包括以下几个层面。首先是行业收入的现状分析：根据《中国统计年鉴》中提供的我国2003-2011年各行业职工的平均工资显示,目前我国的行业之间平均工资水平存在着很大的差异,同时,不同行业的工资增长水平也呈现明显差别,行业间工资差距不断扩大。其次对行业收入差距产生原因进行了理论分析,本文基于前人的研究成果分析得出,行业收入的变动并不是单一因素的作用结果,除了受到较多关注的人力资本存量、行业垄断程度因素之外,行业的技术创新水平也对收入的变动产生很大程度的影响。因此,在理论分析的支持下,本文对影响行业收入变动的各个因素进行了量化,利用我国2004年至2011年的相关数据,从实证角度分析了行业技术创新水平、人力资本存量及垄断程度与行业收入变动之间的相关关系,再利用动态面板数据模型,对这种相关关系的显著性进行了实证检验。实证研究表明,行业收入的变动与行业的技术创新水平、行业人力资本存量和行业垄断程度存在显著的正相关关系,而在所有要素中,人力资本水平在影响行业收入变动的各因素中的作用程度最大,几乎所有行业收入的变动都与人力资本存量显著正相关；行业垄断水平也产生了重要的影响；同时,技术偏向性效应在我国是明显存在的,尤其是在新兴科技行业,或者是处在科技前沿、对新兴科技有所研究的行业,技术创新水平越高,其从业人员的工资水平越高。技术创新水平、人力资本存量和垄断程度的差异加剧了原本存在的行业收入差距。最后笔者在前文的研究基础上建议,应增加创新资本、创新人才的投入,提高行业技术创新水平；积极推行垄断行业的制度改革,规范行业竞争制度,降低垄断水平；加大人力资本投资,发展教育、增加培训,提升各行业从业人员人力资本水平,以缩小我国行业间收入差距,促进社会和谐稳定发展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economic system has been gradually reformed, the traditional distribution system under the conditions of planned economy has been broken, the income gap between workers in different industries began to expand gradually has attracted attention from all walks of life. It has become one of the hot issues in the theoretical circle. This paper mainly aims at the phenomenon of the widening income gap in China, and systematically analyzes the specific influencing factors. On the basis of this, it explores the mechanism of technology innovation on the change of industry income in detail, which includes the following aspects. First is the industry income analysis: according to the "Statistical Yearbook of China" provided in China 2003-2011, the average wages of workers in various industries show. At present, there are great differences in the average wage level among industries in our country, and at the same time, the wage growth level of different industries also presents obvious differences. Secondly, the paper analyzes the causes of the industry income gap. Based on the previous research results, this paper concludes that the change of industry income is not the result of a single factor. Besides the stock of human capital and the degree of monopoly of the industry, the level of technological innovation in the industry also has a great impact on the change of income. Therefore, with the support of theoretical analysis. This paper quantifies the factors that affect the change of industry income and analyzes the level of industry technological innovation from the perspective of empirical analysis by using the relevant data from 2004 to 2011 in China. The correlation between the stock of human capital and the degree of monopoly and the change of industry income, and then using the dynamic panel data model to test the significance of this correlation. The empirical research shows that. There is a significant positive correlation between the change of industry income and the level of technological innovation, the stock of industry human capital and the degree of industry monopoly, but in all the elements. The level of human capital plays the most important role in the factors affecting the change of industry income, and almost all the changes of industry income are positively related to the stock of human capital. The monopoly level of the industry also has an important impact; At the same time, the technology bias effect is obvious in China, especially in the emerging technology industry, or in the forefront of science and technology industries, the higher the level of technological innovation. The higher the wage level of its employees, the greater the difference of technological innovation level, human capital stock and monopoly degree, which exacerbates the existing industry income gap. Finally, on the basis of the previous research, the author suggests that the investment of innovation capital and talents should be increased, and the level of technical innovation of the industry should be improved. Actively carry out the system reform of monopoly industry, standardize the competition system of the industry, and reduce the monopoly level; Increase investment in human capital, develop education, increase training, improve the level of human capital of employees in various industries, in order to narrow the income gap between industries in China, and promote the harmonious and stable development of society.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7

【共引文献】