农村居民食物消费结构对耕地需求的影响——以西藏“一江两河”流域为例

发布时间：2018-01-13 02:34

本文关键词：农村居民食物消费结构对耕地需求的影响——以西藏“一江两河”流域为例　出处：《自然资源学报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：发展人工种草是缓解西藏草畜矛盾和生态环境问题的重要途径之一。食物消费结构趋向多元化,内地食物消费比重增加,缓解了西藏地区食物生产压力,为西藏农业地区发展种草提供了有利条件。论文基于农户食物生产和消费调研数据、市场调研数据并且结合统计数据资料,在利用和改进Gerbens-Leenes等(2002)发展的食物消费与耕地需求之间关系的方法基础之上,系统分析了"一江两河"流域(拉萨地区、日喀则地区和山南地区)农户腾出耕地种草的潜力。结果显示,西藏农区居民家庭食物消费结构耕地需求不高,理论上腾出耕地种草潜力较大。2010年"一江两河"流域中的拉萨市、日喀则地区以及山南地区户均耕地需求分别为5 542.3、7 400.1和5 521.7 m~2,而腾出耕地种草的潜力分别为4 777.5、2 977.3和2 054.4 m~2,拉萨地区、日喀则地区和山南地区分别占到户均耕地面积的46.3%、28.7%以及27.1%。但是,考虑到当地快速的人口增长以及脆弱的生态环境对农业生产的不利因素,"一江两河"流域不同地区应该根据各自农业生产特点以及畜牧业发展水平,有针对性地开展农牧业结构调整,通过种草补贴等激励措施和政策,提高农户种草积极性,开拓饲草市场,统筹土地的种粮和种草功能,优化配置土地饲草资源,缓解当地草畜矛盾,增加农户种草收入。
[Abstract]:The development of artificial grass is one of the important ways to alleviate the problem of Tibet livestock contradiction and ecological environment. The food consumption structure diversification, increasing the proportion of mainland food consumption, alleviate the pressure of food production in Tibet area, provide favorable conditions for the development of agriculture in Tibet area. The farmers and food production and consumption survey data based on Market Research and combining the statistical data data in the use and improvement of Gerbens-Leenes (2002) on the basis of method of relationship between food consumption and cultivated land demand development, systematic analysis of the "Three Rivers" basin (Lhasa area, Shigatse area and Shannan) farmers for cultivated grasses potential. The results show that Tibet agricultural household food consumption structure of cultivated land demand high potential theory for cultivated grasses.2010 in the "Three Rivers" basin in Lhasa City, the area of Shigatse The average demand of cultivated land and the Shannan area were 5 542.3,7 400.1 and 5521.7 m~2, and make the potential of cultivated grasses were 4 777.5,2 977.3 and 2054.4 m~2, Lhasa area, accounted for 46.3% of arable land per household in Shigatse and Shannan, 28.7% and 27.1%., however, considering the unfavorable factors of local rapid population growth and fragile the ecological environment of agricultural production, the different areas of three rivers "basin should be according to the respective characteristics of agricultural production and animal husbandry development level, to carry out targeted agricultural structural adjustment, the grass subsidies and other incentives and policies to improve farmers' enthusiasm and develop the market, forage, grain and grass land planning function optimal allocation of land resources, forage, alleviate the local problems, increasing farmers' income and grass.

【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国农业科学院农业信息研究所;河北工程大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71233007,41571496) 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB03030000) 西藏重大科技专项项目(Z2016C01G01/04) 中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M601195)~~
【分类号】：F323.211
【正文快照】： 3.河北工程大学,河北邯郸056038)退耕还草还林、发展畜牧业是草原地区实施党中央提出的西部大开发战略部署的一个重要内容,也是保护生态环境、实现可持续发展和增加农牧民收入的一个战略方针。西藏地区作为我国高寒畜牧业的典型代表,草畜矛盾尖锐,导致当地生态环境问题突出,也

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