财政激励、政府偏好与地区经济增长

发布时间：2018-01-20 00:26

本文关键词： 财政激励财政分权转移支付债务软约束政府偏好经济增长　出处：《经济学家》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中央政府对地方政府的财政激励可分为财政分权激励、转移支付激励与债务软约束激励三种形式,地方政府偏好可分为投资性偏好、服务性偏好和平衡性偏好三种类型。论文运用中国省级面板数据结合聚类分析、Probit模型等方法揭示了三种财政激励方式与不同政府偏好的内在关联性,进而探讨财政激励的有效性和最优激励机制的选择。研究发现,财政分权激励会促使地方政府出现平衡性偏好,转移支付激励会使地方政府倾向于服务性偏好,债务软约束激励则使得地方政府出现投资性偏好。投资性偏好与平衡性偏好均对经济增长有正向作用,且平衡性偏好较之投资性偏好有较大促进作用;服务性偏好短期内则对经济有阻碍作用,但在长周期内会有促进作用。据此建议,中央政府要积极推进财税制度改革,建立制度化的财政分权激励政策,完善央-地政府间转移支付制度,强化对地方政府的债务限额管理,积极引导地方政府的平衡性偏好,实现经济社会的结构性优化,使地区经济增长具有可持续性。
[Abstract]:The central government's fiscal incentive to the local government can be divided into fiscal decentralization incentive, transfer payment incentive and debt soft constraint incentive, local government preference can be divided into investment preference. There are three types of service preference and balanced preference. Probit model and other methods reveal the internal relationship between the three kinds of fiscal incentives and different government preferences, and then explore the effectiveness of fiscal incentives and the choice of the optimal incentive mechanism. Fiscal decentralization incentive will promote the balance of local government preference, transfer payment incentive will make local government tend to service preference. The soft constraint incentive of debt makes the local government have the investment preference, the investment preference and the balance preference have the positive effect on the economic growth, and the balance preference has the bigger promotion function than the investment preference. The service preference will hinder the economy in the short term, but it will promote the economy in the long period. Accordingly, the central government should actively promote the reform of the fiscal and taxation system and establish an institutionalized fiscal decentralization incentive policy. We should improve the transfer payment system between central and local governments, strengthen the management of local government's debt limit, actively guide the balance preference of local governments, and realize the structural optimization of economy and society. To make regional economic growth sustainable.
【作者单位】：南京审计大学公共经济学院;
【基金】：江苏省社科基金重点项目“政府引导供给侧结构性改革的政策搭配及效应研究”(16ZZA002) 江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“国家治理能力评估指标体系及治理指数研究”(2014ZDAXM004) 江苏省教育科学“十二五”规划重点资助课题“江苏省高等教育经费绩效评价及审计监管研究”(B-a/2015/01/048)
【分类号】：D630;F812.7;F127
【正文快照】： 引言中国经济社会在高速发展中出现的结构性失衡受到普遍关注,是当前推进供给侧结构性改革的重要原因。纵观改革开放三十多年来的经济表现,环境污染、收入差距加大、公共事业发展滞后等问题日益突出,这一切的根源都来自于地方政府对投资领域的过度关注和对公共服务供给的相

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