洱海流域产业结构的水环境污染效应时空研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 10:45

本文关键词： 产业结构水环境效应时空研究洱海流域　出处：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：产业结构与区域环境之间存在着强烈的互动关系,产业结构的组合类型和强度在很大程度上决定了对环境的压力,环境则通过环境承载力对产业的发展起到制约作用。而自上世纪30年代以来工业化的快速推进,尤其是产业结构的畸形发展,致使环境日益恶化,生态渐次失调。我国的生态文明建设水平落后于经济发展和社会体系健全。总之,随着社会经济、科学技术的迅速发展及生产方式的快速转变,人类的经济活动和水环境之间的关系越来越密切。从时间维度和空间维度研究产业结构的水环境污染效应有利于促进社会经济和水环境的协调发展。本文以洱海流域为例,分别从时间和空间维度分析了产业结构的水环境污染效应。时间维度,主要分析产业结构演进的水环境污染效应及水环境污染效应的时滞。在总体分析产业结构与水环境质量间的影响机制基础之上,利用典型相关和时间序列方法分析流域产业结构演变的水环境效应,得出了第一产业和第三产业发展加重了水体富营养化,第二产业发展减轻了水体有机物污染和富营养化,同时采用协整方法表明洱海流域三次产业结构与水环境间的关系是长期稳定的：然后通过Moore值和灰色关联分析方法得出流域水污染物结构变动滞后于产业结构调整,滞后时间为10年,但也存在滞后时间为3年的产业结构调整效应发挥较充分的状态。空间维度,则是考察洱海流域产业结构污染负荷的水环境空间效应。在综合分析区域水环境污染和流域三次产业污染的空间分布特点的基础上,通过选取与产业结构污染有一定关联的经济、产业与水环境因子,构建全面反映产业结构的水环境污染负荷指标评价体系,采用GIS信息技术与主成分分析方法相结合,基于主成分载荷对三个水环境污染影响因子的贡献率进行解析,得出了农业面源污染仍然是流域水环境污染最大影响因素、工业点源污染其次、旅游业污染最后的结论,同时对三次产业的污染等级分区,并详细地分析了各区空间分布的特点,然后研究了流域水环境污染的空间分布特点,认为洱海北部(洱源县大部分)水污染影响最高,洱海南部水污染影响其次,洱海东部与西部水污染影响最低。在实证分析的基础上,为有效地控制流域产业结构的水环境污染,结合时间和空间角度综合提出了在流域内整合产业结构调整和产业优化布局的政策建议。
[Abstract]:There is a strong interaction between the industrial structure and the regional environment. The combination type and intensity of the industrial structure determine the pressure on the environment to a great extent. Since -70s, the rapid development of industrialization, especially the abnormal development of industrial structure, has led to the worsening of the environment. The level of ecological civilization construction in China lags behind the economic development and the sound social system. In a word, with the rapid development of social economy, science and technology and the rapid transformation of production mode. The relationship between human economic activities and water environment is more and more close. The study of water environment pollution effect of industrial structure from the dimension of time and space is beneficial to promote the harmonious development of social economy and water environment. Watershed as an example. Respectively from the time and space dimensions of the industrial structure of water pollution effects. Time dimension. On the basis of the overall analysis of the influence mechanism between the industrial structure and the water environment quality, this paper mainly analyzes the water environment pollution effect and the water environment pollution effect of the industrial structure evolution. By using canonical correlation and time series method, the effects of water environment on the evolution of watershed industrial structure were analyzed, and it was concluded that the development of primary industry and tertiary industry aggravated eutrophication of water body. The development of secondary industry alleviates organic pollution and eutrophication of water body. At the same time, the cointegration method is used to show that the relationship between the tertiary industrial structure and the water environment in Erhai Lake Basin is stable for a long time. Then through the Moore value and the grey correlation analysis method, it is concluded that the change of water pollutant structure in the basin lags behind the adjustment of industrial structure. The lag time is 10 years, but there is also the industrial structure adjustment effect with the lag time of 3 years to give full play to the state. Spatial dimension. On the basis of the comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of regional water environmental pollution and the third industrial pollution of the basin, the paper investigates the spatial effect of industrial structure pollution load in Erhai River Basin. By selecting the factors of economy, industry and water environment which are related to industrial structure pollution, the evaluation system of water environmental pollution load index is constructed. GIS information technology and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to analyze the contribution rate of three water pollution factors based on principal component load. It is concluded that agricultural non-point source pollution is still the biggest influencing factor of water environment pollution, industrial point source pollution is next, tourism pollution is the last conclusion, at the same time, the pollution grade of three industries is divided. The characteristics of spatial distribution of each area are analyzed in detail, and then the spatial distribution characteristics of water environmental pollution in the basin are studied. It is considered that the water pollution in the north of Erhai Lake (most of Eryuan County) has the highest impact on water pollution. The influence of water pollution in the south of Erhai Lake is the second, the water pollution in the east and west of Erhai Lake is the lowest. On the basis of empirical analysis, the water environment pollution of the industrial structure of the basin can be effectively controlled. Combined with time and space, the policy suggestions of integrating industrial structure adjustment and industrial layout optimization in watershed are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X52;X22;F127

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