住房价格对我国城镇居民收入差距的影响

发布时间：2018-01-27 22:37

本文关键词： 住房价格城镇居民收入差距影响机制区域性　出处：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国自住房制度改革以来,房地产市场得到了迅速发展。投资者由于高额利润的吸引,不断增加对房地产的投资,致使我国房地产市场的投机性需求旺盛,房价出现不断地上涨。与此同时,我国的城镇居民收入差距也出现了不断扩大的趋势。住房一直以来都是家庭财富的重要组成部分,当其价格不断上涨时,使得其占家庭的财富比重也不断增加,进而对城镇居民之间的收入分配产生日渐加强的影响。而收入分配的不均会影响一国的经济和社会稳定,因此研究住房价格对城镇居民收入差距的影响很有必要。本文首先尝试从房价的财富效应、房价上涨的消费挤出效应以及房价与通货膨胀的关系三个角度分析住房价格对城镇居民收入差距的影响机制。房价的财富效应和房价上涨的消费挤出效应对不同人群产生的影响不同,所以不同人群收入变化程度也不一样,从而住房价格波动会对人们之间的收入差距产生影响。而房价通过通货膨胀对收入差距产生影响则是因为房价上涨容易引起需求拉动型和成本推动型通货膨胀,而通货膨胀对居民的收入又具有重新分配的功能,所以也会对城镇居民收入差距产生影响。其次,从住宅平均销售价格和房价收入比分析了我国住房价格波动情况。发现我国房价自1998年以来就一直不断上涨,而房价收入比走势则是在2007年之前是不断上升的,2009年后稍有下降,且发现各地区的房价收入比出现明显的差异。与此同时从总体和地区性角度分析了我国城镇居民收入差距的现状,发现我国的城镇居民收入差距2006年之前是不断扩大的,2006年之后呈现稍微下降趋势。而地区性分析的城镇居民收入差距走势与房价收入比走势一致。最后,通过面板模型实证分析了住房价格对城镇居民收入差距的影响。先进行的是全国层面的实证分析,然后再分东部与中西部进行了地区性分析。得出的结果是：房价对我国城镇居民们收入差距具有正向且显著的影响,不管是全国层面的实证分析还是地区性的实证分析都得出了这一结论。另外东部地区的房价系数高于中西部地区,主要原因是东部地区高收入人群的房地产的财富效应比较大和中低收入人群房价上涨的消费挤出效应比较大,所以房价对东部地区的城镇居民收入差距的影响也比较大。
[Abstract]:Since the reform of housing system in China, the real estate market has developed rapidly. Because of the attraction of high profits, investors continue to increase the investment in real estate, resulting in the speculative demand of the real estate market in our country is exuberant. Housing prices continue to rise. At the same time, the income gap of urban residents in China has also been expanding. Housing has always been an important part of the family wealth, when its price continues to rise. As a result, the proportion of household wealth is also increasing, which has an increasing impact on the income distribution among urban residents. The inequality of income distribution will affect the economic and social stability of a country. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effect of housing price on income gap of urban residents. This paper first tries to analyze the wealth effect of house price. This paper analyzes the influence mechanism of housing price on the income gap of urban residents from three angles: the consumption extrusion effect of house price rise and the relationship between housing price and inflation. The wealth effect of house price and the consumption extrusion effect of house price rise are different. People have different effects. So the income of different people also varies. Thus, the fluctuation of housing prices will have an impact on the income gap between people, and the impact of housing prices through inflation on the income gap is because the rise of house prices is likely to lead to demand-driven and cost-driven inflation. Inflation has the function of redistribution of residents' income, so it will also have an impact on the income gap of urban residents. Secondly, we analyze the fluctuation of housing price in China from the average selling price and the ratio of house price to income, and find that the house price in our country has been rising since 1998. The price-to-income ratio was rising until 2007 and declined slightly since 2009. At the same time, the paper analyzes the current situation of income gap of urban residents in China from the overall and regional perspective. It is found that the income gap of urban residents in China is widening before 2006. Since 2006, there has been a slight downward trend. The regional analysis of urban income gaps is in line with the trend of house price to income ratios. Finally, through the panel model empirical analysis of the impact of housing prices on the income gap of urban residents, the first is the national level of empirical analysis. Then divided into the east and the central and western regions of the regional analysis. The result is: housing prices have a positive and significant impact on the income gap of urban residents in China. Whether the empirical analysis at the national level or the regional empirical analysis have reached this conclusion. In addition, the price coefficient of the eastern region is higher than that of the central and western regions. The main reason is that the wealth effect of the real estate of the high-income population in the eastern region is large and the consumption crowding out effect of the rising housing price of the middle and low income group is relatively large. So housing prices in the eastern region of urban residents income gap is also relatively large.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.23;F124.7

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