日本公共投资的经济效应分析

发布时间：2018-03-20 08:37

本文选题：日本　切入点：公共投资　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：政府的公共投资是政府财政支出的重要组成部分，对促进经济的发展和社会的进步有着巨大的影响。政府公共投资的经济效应主要表现为对GDP的短期及长期影响、对私人企业的诱导效应、调整产业结构、促进就业、提高劳动力素质、缩小地区差距等。政府应及时调整以及改进公共投资政策，以便更加充分地发挥公共投资经济效应。日本政府将公共投资作为工具，以此来提供公共基础设施和服务、促进经济增长、调整产业结构和推动地区经济发展。从日本的公共投资情况来看，随着经济发展水平的提高，政府越来越重视通过公共投资推动社会发展，增加在教育领域和社会福利方面的投入，来解决贫困、收入差距、失业等社会问题。 2008年爆发的金融危机给我国的经济带来严重的冲击，我国政府出台了一系列的措施来扩大内需和促进经济增长。其中公共投资对防止经济下滑、稳定经济增长起到了一定作用，，但是也存在着一些问题。例如：基础设施投资的比重偏高、公共投资监管机制不完善、公共投资资金来源渠道单一等。因此，研究日本政府公共投资对我国调整公共投资的改革方向、明确和界定政府公共投资范围、优化政府公共投资规模和结构、促进经济增长和社会发展都将具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文根据日本不同的经济发展阶段，归纳了日本公共投资的经验及存在的问题，对公共投资的经济效应作出阐述。在此基础上，概括了我国公共投资出现的问题并针对这些问题提出了几点建议。
[Abstract]:Government public investment is an important part of government financial expenditure and has a great influence on promoting economic development and social progress. The economic effect of government public investment is mainly manifested in the short-term and long-term impact on GDP. The inducement effect to the private enterprise, the adjustment of the industrial structure, the promotion of employment, the improvement of the quality of labor force, and the narrowing of the regional disparity, etc. The government should adjust and improve the public investment policy in time in order to give full play to the economic effect of public investment. The Japanese government uses public investment as a tool to provide public infrastructure and services, promote economic growth, adjust industrial structure and promote regional economic development. With the improvement of economic development, the government pays more and more attention to promoting social development through public investment, increasing investment in the field of education and social welfare to solve social problems such as poverty, income gap, unemployment and so on. The financial crisis broke out in 2008 brought serious impact to our economy. Our government has issued a series of measures to expand domestic demand and promote economic growth. Among them, public investment has played a certain role in preventing economic decline and stabilizing economic growth. However, there are still some problems. For example, the proportion of infrastructure investment is on the high side, the supervision mechanism of public investment is not perfect, the source of public investment is single, and so on. This paper studies the reform direction of Japanese government public investment in adjusting public investment in China, defines and defines the scope of government public investment, and optimizes the scale and structure of government public investment. Promoting economic growth and social development will have important theoretical and practical significance. According to the different stages of Japanese economic development, this paper sums up the experience and existing problems of Japanese public investment, and expounds the economic effect of public investment. This paper summarizes the problems of public investment in China and puts forward some suggestions for these problems.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F131.3

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