中俄经济改革的比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 23:16

本文选题：经济体制改革　切入点：渐进式改革　出处：《东北财经大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：翻开世界历史,可以看到俄罗斯和中国都实行过集中计划体制。客观地说,这种体制曾经为两个国家创造过巨大的生产力,两个国家都曾从这种体制中获益。但是,由于这种计划体制本身存在着重大缺陷,而且潜藏着许多方面的深层次矛盾,所以它的生命力注定是短暂的,它必然会衰落。这种体制不仅不能成为保证生产力的持续发展的动力,而且随着时间的推移,会越来越严重阻碍生产力的发展。随之而来还会成为衍生社会、政治等诸多领域弊端的温床。改革这种体制是历史的必然。中国和俄罗斯开始实施从这种中央计划经济到更以市场为基础的经济的转型。密切关注经济制度的转型方法,我们可以看到,俄罗斯选择了“激进式转型”,而中国选择了“渐进式转型”。在实施“休克疗法”的过程中,俄罗斯没有考虑经济的作用。俄罗斯的经济转型意味着自由化、私有化和稳定化。看看结果,我们可以看到“激进式转型”方法导致俄罗斯政治、经济和社会一片混乱。中国选择了“渐进式转型”方法,从简单到复杂。“渐进式转型”的最大优势之一是避免社会动荡的可能性；因此更容易规范发展和稳定。基于35年的改革成果,经济增长速度约为10%,社会经济发展和稳定有显著改善,收入和预期寿命也有所改善。中国正试图创建在社会主义制度下作用最佳的制度,同时也提高其制造能力。这两个大国,中国和俄罗斯,选择了完全不同的方式来改革经济体制,因此,结果是不同的。这些体制都需要进行研究。经济改革过程是一个艰难的过程。为了更深的理解中国和俄罗斯的经济体制改革,分析变化的原因,过程,以及发现转型过程中的所有问题,是必不可少的。仔细的分析将有助于发展两国的发展战略。本文分析了俄罗斯和中国当前的经济形势和潜在的增长；比较了经济变革的结果和方式。本文由五章组成。第一部分主要介绍了中俄经济发展状况,其中包括GDP规模与增速对比；三次产业规模、结构及增速对比；投资、消费、贸易规模及增速对比等。第二部分主要介绍了中俄经济改革的初始背景条件。第三部分主要对中俄经济改革不同性质、目标、内容、措施及成本收益等进行对比分析。第四部分主要介绍了中俄经济改革差异,其中包括中俄政府与市场的分工及产权保护的作用。第五部分主要对中俄经济改革前景进行预测,并提出未来两国经济改革战略思考。
[Abstract]:Turning to world history, we can see that both Russia and China have implemented a centralized planning system. Objectively speaking, this system has created tremendous productive forces for both countries, and both countries have benefited from this system. Because the planning system itself has major defects and many deep-seated contradictions, its vitality is destined to be short-lived. It is bound to decline. Not only does this system not serve as a driving force for the sustainable development of productivity, but over time it becomes more and more serious and hinders the development of productivity. It also becomes a derivative society. Reform of this system is a historical necessity. China and Russia have begun to implement the transition from a centrally planned economy to a more market-based economy. Pay close attention to the transformation of the economic system, we can see, Russia has opted for "radical transformation" while China has chosen "gradual transition". In the implementation of shock therapy, Russia has not considered the role of the economy. Russia's economic transformation means liberalization. Privatization and stabilization. Looking at the results, we can see that the "radical transformation" approach has led to political, economic and social chaos in Russia. China has chosen the "gradual transition" approach. From simplicity to complexity. One of the greatest advantages of "gradual transformation" is the possibility of avoiding social unrest; therefore, it is easier to regulate development and stability. The rate of economic growth is about 10, the social and economic development and stability have improved significantly, incomes and life expectancy have also improved. China is trying to create the system that works best under the socialist system, while also improving its manufacturing capability. China and Russia have chosen completely different ways to reform their economic systems, so the results are different. They all need to be studied. The process of economic reform is a difficult one. In order to better understand the reform of the economic system in China and Russia, to analyze the causes of change, the process, and to discover all the problems in the process of transition, A careful analysis will help to develop the development strategies of both countries. This paper analyzes the current economic situation and potential growth in Russia and China, compares the results and methods of economic transformation. The first part mainly introduces the economic development of China and Russia. These include comparison of GDP scale and growth rate; comparison of three industrial scale, structure and growth rate; Investment, consumption, The second part mainly introduces the initial background conditions of the economic reform between China and Russia. The third part mainly introduces the different nature, objectives and contents of the economic reform between China and Russia. Part 4th mainly introduces the differences between Chinese and Russian economic reform, including the division of labor between the Chinese and Russian governments and the market and the role of property rights protection. Part 5th mainly forecasts the prospect of Sino-Russian economic reform. And put forward the economic reform strategy of the two countries in the future.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124;F151.2

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