中俄经济社会发展比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 07:08

本文选题：中国　切入点：俄罗斯　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国自1978年开始进行改革开放，到1992年邓小平南巡并发表一系列讲话和中国共产党十四大召开才正式提出建立社会主义市场经济体制的改革目标。俄罗斯联邦自1991年起脱离苏联成为独立国家后，开始全盘的西方化改革。两国的市场化改革有着不同的经历，有着不同的际遇，有着不同的表现。以史为鉴，这些值得研究和深思。中俄都是前社会主义国家，两国有某些相似的发展基础。中俄两国都经历了长期的转轨改革，不同的是两国分别采用渐进式的缓和的改革疗法和激进的休克式改革疗法；一个是对增量经济进行改革，一个是对存量经济进行改革；一国在改革之后仍然坚持社会主义道路，，另一国则选择了走资本主义道路。两国都经历长期改革，又有某些相似的发展基础，经历改革之后的经济社会发展面貌却表现出明显的不同。为何中俄同为前社会主义国家并有着相似的发展基础却选择了不同的改革道路？为何经历长期改革，俄罗斯已进入高收入水平国家行列而中国却仅仅进入中等收入国家行列？为何在经历经济危机冲击的动荡中，中国经济总体相对稳定而俄罗斯经济却出现了严重的下滑甚至倒退？为何中国各类产业的产业结构逐渐趋于合理，而俄罗斯却越来越趋向于能源依赖型的经济发展模式？逐层递进的思考过程中，我们不禁又提出这样一个问题：发展的本质是什么，归根结底是什么在发展？本文将对以上问题进行深入探讨，解答疑惑，并藉此探索中国经济社会发展应该走向何方，中国经济社会发展应该如何走出一条正确的道路。经济社会发展研究通常只能进行到数据简单罗列分析的程度。本文在上述研究的基础上，对中俄两国经济社会可持续发展能力进行了探讨,并采用经济、医疗卫生、教育科技三个方面的九个相关变量，通过主成分分析法，得出主成分，并进一步赋以权重，构建了一个经济社会发展指数。通过对前述所给出的这一经济社会发展指数的分析，进一步解释中俄经济社会发展的差异。
[Abstract]:China has been reforming and opening up since 1978. It was not until 1992 when Deng Xiaoping made a series of speeches and delivered a series of speeches and the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) that the reform goal of establishing a socialist market economic system was formally put forward. After the Russian Federation broke away from the Soviet Union and became an independent country in 1991, To start the overall westernization reform. The two countries' market-oriented reforms have different experiences, different opportunities, and different performances. Taking history as a mirror, these are worth studying and pondering. Both China and Russia are former socialist countries. The two countries have some similar development bases. Both China and Russia have experienced long-term transition reform. The difference is that the two countries have adopted progressive palliative reform therapy and radical shock reform therapy, respectively; one is to reform the incremental economy. One is the reform of the stock economy; one country still adheres to the socialist road after the reform, while the other country chooses the capitalist road. Both countries have undergone long-term reform and have some similar basis for development. After the reform, the economic and social development of China and Russia are obviously different. Why is it that China and Russia, being former socialist countries and having similar development basis, have chosen different reform paths? Why, after a long period of reform, has Russia entered the ranks of high-income countries while China has only entered the ranks of middle-income countries? Why is it that China's economy is generally relatively stable while Russia's economy has experienced a serious decline or even retrogression in the turmoil that has been hit by the economic crisis? Why is the industrial structure of China's various industries becoming more and more rational, while Russia is becoming more and more energy dependent economic development model? In the process of thinking step by step, we can not help but raise such a question: what is the essence of development, and what is it in the final analysis? This article will explore the above questions in depth, answer the questions, and explore where China's economic and social development should go. How should China's economic and social development take the right path? usually, the study of economic and social development can only be carried out to the extent that the data are simply listed and analyzed. This paper probes into the ability of sustainable economic and social development of China and Russia, and adopts nine related variables of economy, medical and health, education and science and technology, obtains the principal component by principal component analysis, and gives further weight to it. This paper constructs an index of economic and social development, and further explains the differences of economic and social development between China and Russia through the analysis of the economic and social development index given above.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124;F151.2

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