中澳能矿资源合作之研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 10:52

本文选题：中澳资源合作　切入点：中澳关系　出处：《华东师范大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：能源与矿产资源几乎是一切经济活动所必需的物质基础。中国自1978年实施改革开放以来,工业生产飞速跃进,城市化进程日趋深化,经济增长日益加速,人口数量持续膨胀,使得资源供需缺口不断拉大。步入21世纪,随着中国经济增速的持续加快,我国已成为全球最大的资源品进口国,资源约束瓶颈愈益凸显,近20种能矿产品严重短缺,需大量进口以满足国内旺盛的消费需求。如此严峻的资源状况意味着保障资源以合理的价格持续、稳定、安全的供应是我国面临的关键性挑战之一。澳大利亚以其丰沛且高品位的能矿资源而享有“坐在矿车上的国家”之美誉,其资源储量与产量位居世界前列。而其较少的人口使得国内资源消费量增长有限,因此澳大利亚素来也是全球排名领先的、可靠的资源出口大国。此外,澳大利亚拥有比较稳定的政治、经济、社会环境,以及较为健全的法律体制。中澳两国同属亚太地区,自1972年12月正式建立外交关系以来,两国关系总体良好。所有上述因素使得双方彼此需要,并为双方的资源合作提供了良好的条件。自建交以来,中澳能矿资源贸易的数量与金额双双大幅攀升；两国在资源领域的合作也不断向宽领域、多层次的方向发展——合作涉及的能矿资源品种不断拓展,合作形式从贸易逐渐发展到投资和能源技术合作。中澳资源合作进程总体较为平稳,但也经受过波折、面临着挑战。双方能矿资源贸易与投资协作受到国内外各种因素的影响。例如,两国政治体制、意识形态、经济状况的迥异,对中国企业投资澳能矿业构成极大挑战。由于上述差异,中国企业正常的利益诉求有时会被一些澳大利亚人曲解为意在控制澳资源的战略行为。如何让我国的利益诉求为澳方理解,消除其担忧或反感,令其意识到中国企业投资澳矿是互利双赢的经济活动,是值得努力寻求破解之道的一项课题。本研究试图通过对双方在资源领域各项协作的梳理和研析,探究两国资源合作对彼此的益处与意义,分析合作中存在的问题和困难,以期为未来的协作提供些许启迪。本论文采用定量与定性相结合的研究方法。其一,整理和计算相关数据,并适当绘制成折线图、柱状图或饼图,以直观地反映中澳资源贸易和投资的数量与金额变化等。其二,采用案例分析法,研析典型合作项目的来龙去脉与问题,探寻相应对策。其三,综合运用资源经济学和国际关系学等相关理论,对中澳资源合作的历史、现状、未来加以剖析。全文共分六章。第一章是导论,阐述研究的缘起,进行文献综述,解释研究目的与意义、研究思路与方法。第二章作为背景交代,介绍中澳两国能矿产业的政策变迁。第三至五章是论文的主体,横向地划分为中澳能源产品贸易、中澳矿产品贸易与中国对澳大利亚能矿业的投资三部分。第三章论述中澳能源产品贸易,这些能源产品包含煤炭、石油、液化天然气和铀矿。第四章论述中澳矿产品贸易,包括铁矿、铜矿及铝矿产品。第五章着重从以下六方面剖析中国对澳大利亚能矿业的投资：外国对澳直接投资与中国对外直接投资概况,中国企业在澳投资背景,澳大利亚对外国投资的审查制度,中国投资澳矿历程,中国投资澳大利亚能矿业的挑战与对策建议,中国对澳矿投资项目下的双方能源技术合作。上述三章内部又纵向地阐述了各能矿产品贸易与投资的发展历程。第六章为结论,总结中澳资源合作的总体特征,阐释两国合作对双方的益处和意义,就双方合作中面临的挑战提出相应对策建议,并展望中澳资源合作的前景。研究的主要结论如下：通过数十年来的中澳能矿资源合作,澳大利亚对有效缓解中国的资源饥渴作出了难以替代的积极贡献,促进了中国经济长期高速的增长；而中国成就了澳大利亚在新世纪的矿业繁荣,使澳大利亚的经济增速长期保持着3-4%这个高于绝大多数发达经济体的增长率。中澳资源合作给两国的经济与社会发展带来了巨大推动,为增加两国人民的福祉作出了贡献,也令双方对彼此日益依赖。中澳资源合作关系己成为两国整体关系的重要构成部分和两国关系发展的强劲动力,甚至能在双边关系遭遇险情时起到稳定两国关系的关键作用,中澳资源合作已与两国整体关系形成良性互动。两国能矿资源合作的未来具有很大潜力,但也存在一些不确定因素,需要双方持续关注,并以积极、客观的态度予以妥善应对和解决。
[Abstract]:Energy and mineral resources is almost a necessary material foundation for all economic activities. Chinese since 1978 since the implementation of reform and opening up, the rapid industrial production leap, city the process of deepening, economic growth accelerated, the population continues to expand, the resource gap between supply and demand constantly widening. In twenty-first Century, with the China economic growth continued to accelerate. China has become the world's largest importer of goods resources, resource constraints become increasingly prominent bottleneck, nearly 20 can be a serious shortage of mineral products, a large number of imports to meet domestic demand. Resources so severe means to safeguard resources at a reasonable price, stable, secure supply is one of the key challenges I facing the country.
Australia, with its high quality and abundant mineral resources and enjoys the reputation of "sitting on a tub of countries, its reserves and output ranked in the world. Its small population makes the domestic consumption growth is limited, so Australia was ranked first, reliable resource exporter. In addition, Australia has a relatively stable political, economic, social environment, and perfect the legal system.
The two countries in the Asia Pacific region, since December 1972 formally established diplomatic relations, the relations between the two countries is generally good. All the above factors make both sides need each other, and provide good conditions for resource cooperation between the two sides. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations, the number and amount of mineral resources trade both Halometasone rose sharply; cooperation between the two countries in the field of resources also to wide area, multi-level direction of cooperation involving energy and mineral resources varieties continued to expand, gradually developed into the form of cooperation in trade and investment cooperation in energy technology.
In the Australian resources cooperation process is relatively stable overall, but also experienced twists and turns, facing challenges. Both energy and mineral resources trade and investment cooperation is affected by various factors at home and abroad. For example, the two countries in political system, ideology, economic conditions are different, the Chinese Macao enterprises to invest in mining can pose a great challenge. Because of these differences, normal the interests of Chinese enterprises is sometimes misinterpreted as some Australians intended to control the strategic behavior of Australian resources. How to make the interests of our country as Australia understand, eliminate the worry or resentment, to realize China's enterprises to invest in Australian mining is of mutual benefit and win-win economic activities, is a topic worthy to seek the solutions the research on both sides. The cooperation in the field of natural resources combing research and analysis, explore the benefits and significance of bilateral cooperation resources to each other, the analysis of problems in cooperation And difficulties, in order to provide some inspiration for future collaboration.
This paper adopts the combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Firstly, sort and calculate the relevant data, and draw the appropriate line chart, histogram and pie chart, to directly reflect the quantity and the amount of change in Australian resources trade and investment. Secondly, using case analysis method, and the problem of cooperation the typical sequence of events the project, to explore the corresponding countermeasures. Thirdly, the theory of comprehensive use of resources economics and international relations, the cooperation of Sino Australian resources, history, future analyses.
This paper consists of six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, describes the origin of the study, literature review, explain the research purpose and significance, research ideas and methods. The second chapter is to explain the background, the two countries can change the mining industry policy. The third chapter to the five chapter is the main part of the thesis, the horizontal trade into energy products in Australia, mineral products trade between China and Australia and Chinese in Australia to mining investment in three parts. The third chapter discusses energy products trade between China and Australia, these energy products including coal, oil, liquefied natural gas and uranium. The fourth chapter discusses the Sino Australian mineral products trade, including iron ore, copper and aluminium ore products. The fifth chapter the analysis from the following six aspects China can mining investment in Australia: Australian foreign direct investment and foreign direct investment Chinese, China enterprises to invest in Australia, the Australian foreign investment review system, Chinese Australian mining investment course, investment Chinese Australia can challenge and Countermeasures of mining, China investment in Australian mining projects under both energy technology cooperation. The three chapter expounds the development and the internal longitudinal course of the energy trade and investment of mineral products. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, summarize the general characteristics of Sino Australian resources cooperation, interpretation the cooperation between the two countries on the benefits and significance of both sides, put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on bilateral cooperation in the face of challenges, and the prospect of Sino Australian cooperation resources.
The main conclusions are as follows: through Aoneng mineral resources cooperation for decades, Australia to effectively alleviate the China resource hungry to make a positive contribution to promote the economic Chinese alternative, long-term high-speed growth; and China achievements of Australia in the new century, the mining boom, Australia's economic growth has long maintained the 3-4% higher than most developed economies. The growth rate of Sino Australian cooperation resources for economic and social development of the two countries has brought great impetus, contributed to the increase of the well-being of the two peoples, but also make both dependence on each other. Relations and cooperation between China and Australia resources have already become the strong power of the overall relationship between the two countries and an important part of the development of bilateral relations even, can play a key role in the stability of relations between the two countries in bilateral relations in danger, in cooperation with Australian resources has overall relationship between the two countries There is great potential for cooperation between the two countries, but there are still some uncertainties. They need constant attention from both sides. They should be properly treated and resolved in a positive and objective manner.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F125.4;F752.7;F426.2;F426.1

【参考文献】