京津沪吸引FDI比较优势研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 05:41

本文选题：外商直接投资　切入点：影响因素　出处：《辽宁大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：自从中国实行改革开放的政策，就陆续有外商到中国进行投资，并且外商的数量呈逐年递增的趋势，从整体来看，东部地区更容易受到外商的青睐，相比之下，其它地区特别是西部地区则比较冷清。对于东中西部之间的不平衡，国内外许多学者曾做过研究，他们选取的角度也是多方面的，包括可量化的因素（如经济发展水平、市场化水平等）和非可量化的因素（如政策机制等），并取得了可喜的成果。事实上，外商直接投资分布的不平衡不仅表现在经济发展水平差异大的地区层次上，即使是位于同一地区的不同城市和省份在吸引外商直接投资方面也存在一定的差距。京津沪作为东部地区的三大直辖市在引导国外企业进行投资方面具有一定的先导性，从区位优势看，三市都位于发达地带,同是直辖市,同是国际性大都市,而且在各自所属的经济圈中起着至关重要的作用，尽管如此，他们每年的外商直接投资额也有很大的不同，上海基本上处于领头羊的地位，北京的FDI吸引量整体上处于缓慢上升趋势，2006年之前居于第二，2006年之后被天津赶上，居于第三。2006年之后天津吸引的外商直接投资迅猛发展，2010年后与上海持平之后一直保持强劲势头，，经济发展也紧跟其上，这对于同是直辖市的北京和上海有着一定的借鉴意义。基于已有的相关数据和理论文献，本文对外商在北京、天津和上海进行选址的决定性因素进行了比较分析。在这些区位因素中，哪些因素是国外企业在北京、天津和上海进行投资的选址时所重点考虑的对象?本文运用北京、天津、上海2002～2012年的数据，进行分析。通过观察我们得到，在进行投资时，国外企业比较看重北京市的人力资本和贸易开放程度。天津吸引外商直接投资的比较优势是经济发展水平和市场化水平。而基础设施和FDI集聚效应则是上海吸引外商直接投资的比较因素。在文章的末尾部分，针对北京、天津和上海的具体问题给出了具有针对性的应对措施。
[Abstract]:Since China implemented the policy of reform and opening up, foreign investors have been investing in China one after another, and the number of foreign businessmen has been increasing year by year. On the whole, the eastern region is more likely to be favored by foreign businessmen. By contrast,Other areas, especially in the west, are relatively desolate.Many scholars at home and abroad have done research on the imbalance between east, west and west, and they have chosen many angles, including quantifiable factors, such as the level of economic development,Marketization level and non-quantifiable factors (such as policy mechanism etc.) have achieved gratifying results.In fact, the imbalance of FDI distribution is not only on the level of regional economic development, but also on the different cities and provinces in the same area.As the three major municipalities directly under the Central Government in the eastern region, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, as the three municipalities directly under the Central Government in the eastern region, have a certain lead in guiding foreign enterprises to invest. From the perspective of their geographical advantages, the three cities are located in the developed regions, are both municipalities directly under the Central Government, and are international metropolitan areas.Beijing's overall FDI attraction has been slowly rising, ranking second before 2006 and caught up with Tianjin after 2006.After 2006, Tianjin attracted a rapid development of foreign direct investment, after 2010 and Shanghai has maintained a strong momentum, economic development is also closely followed, this is the same as Beijing and Shanghai, which has a certain reference significance.Based on the existing relevant data and theoretical literature, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the decisive factors of the location selection of foreign investors in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai.Among these location factors, what are the key factors for foreign enterprises to consider when they invest in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai?This paper analyzes the data of Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai from 2002 to 2012.Through observation, it is found that foreign firms value Beijing's human capital and trade openness.Tianjin's comparative advantage in attracting foreign direct investment is the level of economic development and marketization.Infrastructure and FDI agglomeration effect are the comparative factors to attract FDI in Shanghai.At the end of the article, the specific problems in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai are pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.6;F127

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