基于生态足迹方法的攀枝花市可持续发展研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 20:13

本文选题：资源型城市　切入点：生态足迹　出处：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：以本区自然资源开采和加工为主导的资源型城市普遍面临转型问题。对资源型城市发展的可持续性测度,是其转型发展的前提与基础。生态足迹是衡量区域可持续发展程度的重要评价指标。本文利用生态足迹方法及可持续发展评价指标对西南地区典型资源型城市攀枝花市近15年来(2000~2014)可持续发展现状进行评价,探讨人均生态足迹与经济发展之间的关系,结果表明:(1)近15年来(2000~2014)攀枝花市人均生态足迹从2000年5.493hm2/人增长到2014年的13.633hm2/人,增幅达148%。其中化石能源用地人均生态足迹所占比重大、增长快,是造成人均生态足迹增长过快的主要原因。近15年来该市人均生态承载力略有增长(从0.822hm2/人增长到1.387hm2/人),其中林地人均生态承载力所占比重最大(63.01%),水域人均生态承载力增长最快。近15年来该市一直处于生态赤字状态,且有进一步扩大的趋势。从各类生物生产性土地面积来看,除林地、建设用地以及2007年以后水域的生态状况呈盈余外,耕地、草地和化石能源用地均呈生态赤字状态。(2)基于生态足迹方法的可持续发展评价方面,近15年来该市单位万元GDP生态足迹逐年递减(从4.941hm2/万元下降到1.752hm2/万元),降幅达65%。表明在经济增长的同时,该市对资源的利用率逐年提高。而生态压力指数逐年下降(从1.628下降到0.965),根据生态压力指数等级划分标准其生态压力状况由很不安全状态转变为稍不安全状态,城市可持续发展状况略有改善。近15年来该市生态足迹多样性指数在0.423~0.817之间波动,变化趋势平稳,表明生态足迹的构成逐渐趋于合理。生态经济系统发展能力指数略有增长趋势(从4.334增长到5.780),表明该市近15年来发展能力得到不断的提升,但随着生态赤字的进一步增长,通过消耗资源来促进城市的发展不利于区域的可持续性。(3)攀枝花市自建市以来,其经济发展历程划分为四个阶段:工业起步阶段(1965~1977年)、工业化实现阶段(1978~1985年)、产业多元化阶段(1985~2000年)以及经济转型阶段(2000年起)。通过对近15年来(2000~2014)该市经济转型阶段人均生态足迹与经济发展历程指标之间的相关性进行分析,结果表明人均生态足迹与人均GDP、第二产业比重、城镇化率、城镇居民可支配收入、农村居民纯收入、社会消费品零售总额以及全社会固定资产投资额占GDP的比重呈显著的正向相关,而与第一产业比重和第三产业比重呈异向相关。这与当前该市产业发展现状及人民消费结构的转变有很大的关系。从侧面反映出影响该市人均生态足迹变化的主要原因是工业的发展造成能源资源的大量消耗以及人民消费结构的转变使得各生物生产性土地类型的人均生态足迹结构发生变化。(4)攀枝花市可持续发展存在的主要问题包括:资源消耗量大,尤其是化石能源资源的依赖过高;土地资源结构不合理,生态承载力狭小;产业过分依靠重工业,资源利用较单一。今后应加强矿产资源的深度开发,提高资源的利用效率;综合利用农业、气候、生物等多种资源;控制人口增长,提倡节约型和多元化的消费模式;加快社会经济的转型,优化产业结构;退耕还林还草,加强生态环境建设。
[Abstract]:The resource type city in the mining and processing of natural resources in this region as the leading facing transition. The sustainable development of resource-based city to measure, is the transformation and development of the premise and foundation. The ecological footprint is an important indicator to measure the degree of regional sustainable development. This paper uses the method of ecological footprint and sustainable development evaluation index of typical resources city in the southwest of Panzhihua city in recent 15 years (2000~2014) to evaluate the current situation of sustainable development, explores the relationship between ecological footprint and economic development. The results showed that: (1) over the past 15 years (2000 ~2014) per capita ecological footprint of Panzhihua city from 2000 to 2014 5.493hm2/ growth of 13.633hm2/, an increase of 148%. the fossil energy land ecological footprint per capita share ratio, fast growth, the per capita ecological footprint is caused by the growth of the main reasons. In the past 15 years, the per capita ecological city A slight increase in capacity (growth from 0.822hm2/ to 1.387hm2/), the forest ecological capacity per capita accounted for the largest proportion (63.01%) of water, the per capita ecological carrying capacity is the fastest growing. The city has been in a state of ecological deficit in the past 15 years, and further expand the trend. From all kinds of biological productive land area in addition, forest land, construction land and water ecological situation after 2007 is surplus, arable land, pasture and fossil energy land showed a state of ecological deficit. (2) evaluation of the sustainable development of the ecological footprint method based on nearly 15 years of the city per million GDP ecological footprint decreased year by year (down from 4.941hm2/ million yuan to 1.752hm2/ yuan), a drop of 65%. shows that in the economic growth at the same time, the city of resources utilization rate increased year by year. But the ecological pressure index decreased year by year (down from 1.628 to 0.965), according to the grade of ecological pressure index The criteria for the classification of ecological pressure status changed from very unsafe state as a state of insecurity, the sustainable development of city is slightly improved. Over the past 15 years, the ecological footprint diversity index fluctuated between 0.423~0.817, a change in trend, show that the ecological footprint gradually reasonable. The development ability of the ecological and economic system index slightly increasing trend (increased from 4.334 to 5.780), shows that the city in the past 15 years development has been continuously improved, but with the further growth of the ecological deficit, to promote the sustainable development of the city is not conducive to the region through the consumption of resources. (3) the city of Panzhihua city has been built, its economic development is divided into four stages: the industrial stage (1965~1977), industrialization stage (1978~1985), industrial diversification stage (1985~2000 years) and economic transition stage (since 2000). According to the recent 15 years (2000~2 014) the correlation between the course of economic transition phase of the index per capita ecological footprint and economic development are analyzed, the results show that the ecological footprint per capita and per capita GDP, the proportion of the second industry, urbanization rate, disposable income of urban residents, rural residents income, total retail sales of social consumer goods and investment in fixed assets accounted for GDP the proportion of significant positive correlation, and is related to the proportion of different proportion of the first industry and the third industry. This has a great relationship with the change of the industrial development situation and people's consumption structure. From the side reflects the main factors affecting the changes of ecological footprint per capita of the city is the development of the industry caused by large consumption of energy resources and the people's consumption structure changes and the per capita ecological footprint structure of the biological productive land type change. (4) the main existence of sustainable development in Panzhihua City To the problem include: resource consumption, especially on fossil energy resources is too high; the land resource structure unreasonable, ecological carrying capacity is small; industry relying on heavy industry, resource utilization is single. The depth should be strengthened in the future development of mineral resources, improve the use efficiency of resources; comprehensive utilization of Agriculture, climate, biology etc. a variety of resources; to control population growth, promote conservation and diversified consumption patterns; accelerate the transformation of social economy, optimize the industrial structure; returning farmland to forest and grassland, strengthen ecological environment construction.

【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X22;F127

【参考文献】