20世纪西方国家经济政策的嬗变及理论启示

发布时间：2018-04-19 09:05

  本文选题：凯恩斯主义 + 新自由主义　； 参考：《深圳大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：20世纪西方国家经济政策的主要范式经历了从传统自由主义到凯恩斯主义再到新自由主义的转变,这是两次180°的转变,即从偏右转到偏左再转到偏右。这样一种转变背后的逻辑是:新、老自由主义与凯恩斯主义是两种对立的经济主张,各有优点和局限性。凯恩斯主义的缺点即是自由主义经济学的优点,反之亦然。这两种经济主张很难结合起来,因为其本质是对立的。故而,当自由主义经济学符合某一时期经济发展的客观要求时便会兴盛,但随着自由主义经济政策得到长期推行,其缺点也会暴露出来,进而造成经济问题。要克服自由主义经济政策带来的问题和弊端,政府必须采用与自由主义经济学相反的经济主张,凯恩斯主义经济学恰好能够克服此类问题。而在凯恩斯主义经济学兴起之后,其缺点也会暴露出来,发展到一定程度之后又必然要求用自由主义经济政策来克服凯恩斯主义经济政策引发的经济问题,这也正是20世纪西方国家经济政策嬗变的深层逻辑。
[Abstract]:In the 20th century, the main paradigm of economic policy in western countries underwent a transformation from traditional liberalism to Keynesianism to neoliberalism, which was a transformation of 180 掳, that is, from right to left and then to right.The logic behind such a shift is that new, old liberalism and Keynesianism are two opposing economic claims, each with its advantages and limitations.The drawback of Keynesianism is the strength of liberal economics, and vice versa.The two economic claims are difficult to combine because they are intrinsically opposed.Therefore, when liberal economics meets the objective requirements of a certain period of economic development, it will flourish, but with the long-term implementation of liberal economic policy, its shortcomings will also be exposed, thus causing economic problems.To overcome the problems and drawbacks brought about by liberal economic policy, the government must adopt the economic proposition contrary to liberal economics, which can be overcome by Keynesian economics.However, after the rise of Keynesian economics, its shortcomings will also be exposed, and when it develops to a certain extent, it will inevitably require the use of liberal economic policies to overcome the economic problems caused by Keynesian economic policies.This is also the deep logic of the evolution of the economic policies of the western countries in the 20 th century.
【作者单位】： 复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科研究后期资助基金项目“东欧诸国与两次世界大战的关系研究”(16JHQ025)
【分类号】：F119
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本文编号：1772457