我国地方政府产业政策与地方产业转型研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 02:37

本文选题：地方政府利益 + 地方产业政策　；参考：《首都经济贸易大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济不断地增长，我国原来已经形成的低端制造业和资源耗费型产业结构已不能支持经济的可持续发展，不得不进行产业结构的转型升级，政府也将产业转型升级作为新时期的重要经济任务，那么政府的产业政策能否实现其目标呢？起码我们需要分析我国产业政策发挥作用的环境和机制。其实在我国经济发展的每个阶段，政府都通过产业政策对经济进行调节，但每次调节的效果并不是很好，其中一个重要的原因是由于我国转型体制下地方产业政策形成机制和企业行为所导致。改革开放后，我国各级政府之间进行了经济上的分权，使得各级政府具有了干预经济和参与市场交易的双重自主权，也使各级政府成为具有自身利益追求的利益主体，从而地方政府就会根据自身利益的需要来制定和执行地方产业政策，于是地方产业政策、企业的市场行为和地方政府与企业之间的利益依赖和约束共同决定着地方产业政策的选择和产业转型升级的结果，本文正是基于这种相互作用关系来分析我国产业转型升级的效果。首先，我们分析企业自身参与产业转型升级的行为选择。产业的转型升级最终都是依靠一个个企业经营内容的转变来实现的，在市场机制下，企业是否参与产业转型升级，参与到何种程度，都由企业自身利益的最大化来决定。我们把产业转型升级过程中存在的外部性、投资成本和风险、技术特征、阶段特征等影响因素结合起来，分析这些因素如何影响企业参与产业转型升级的行为选择和最终的产业转型升级效果。结论是：企业追求自身利益最大化的结果，产业转型升级不一定达到最优效果。然后，我们分析如果地方政府通过产业政策改变企业的成本或收益，企业参与产业转型升级的行为会发生怎样的改变，以及产业转型升级结果会发生怎样的改变。我们以不同的产业补贴和税收政策来代表产业政策的干预。结论是：合适的产业政策并且在产业转型升级的相应阶段正确运用，产业政策才能促进产业转型升级向最优结果靠近，否则，产业政策还有可能恶化产业转型升级的结果。进一步，我们分析地方政府会采取什么样的地方产业政策。从我国转型体制下地方政府及其官员的政治、经济利益追求作为分析的起点，解释地方经济社会条件的不同、地方政府所处任期阶段的不同、地方经济原有产业结构约束的不同等环境下，地方政府的产业政策偏好。结论是：地方政府总会以自身利益来选择地方产业政策，其结果是地方政府不一定以上级产业政策的要求或者产业转型升级的最优效果来选择产业政策。在以上分析的基础上，再把地方政府不同的产业政策选择与其对企业参与产业转型升级行为的影响结合起来，以解释我国产业转型升级的效果。这里采取对比分析的方式来分析问题，先对比有无地方政府产业政策干预下企业行为的不同，以揭示政府产业政策的干预会给不同情况下产业转型升级带来什么结果，再对比地方政府不同的产业政策选择导致产业转型升级的差异，以解释我国经济社会条件不同的地区，处于不同时期的地方经济，其产业转型升级效果上所存在的差异。结论是：经济社会条件较好的地方经济，产业转型升级效果更明显，也就是产业结构更高级，经济运行更健康。地方政府所处的任期阶段也会影响产业转型升级的效果，在任期初始阶段，产业转型升级的基础建设会好一些，后期基础建设会差一些。地方原有的产业结构也一定程度影响产业转型的效果，，但这种影响程度取决于地方经济社会条件。最后，以工业污染治理为例，通过实际经济数据对以上的分析进行检验，我们把工业污染治理看做对地方经济产业转型升级的要求，以地方人均财政收入代表地方经济社会条件的差别，以地方工业占地方GDP比重代表地方原有的产业结构。实证检验的结果基本与论文的分析过程和结论相一致。
[Abstract]:With the growth of our country ' s economy , the low - end manufacturing industry and resource - intensive industrial structure already formed in our country have been unable to support the sustainable development of the economy , and we have to carry out the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure . At the very least , we need to analyze the environment and mechanism that our industrial policy plays . At least we need to analyze the environment and mechanism that our country ' s industrial policy plays . In fact , in every stage of our country ' s economic development , the effect of each adjustment is not very good , one of the important reasons is that the local industrial policy forming mechanism and the enterprise behavior are caused by the transformation system of our country .

After the reform and opening - up , the governments at all levels of our country have carried out the economic decentralization , so that the governments at all levels have the double autonomy to intervene the economy and participate in the market transaction , and make the governments at all levels become the main interests of the pursuit of their own interests , so that the local governments can formulate and implement the local industrial policies according to the needs of their own interests , so the local industry policy , the market behavior of the enterprises and the interests dependence and restriction between the local government and the enterprises determine the choice of the local industrial policy and the result of the upgrading of the industrial transformation . This paper is based on this interaction relation to analyze the effect of the industrial transformation and upgrading of our country .

First , we analyze the behavior choice of enterprises ' participation in industrial transformation and upgrading . In the end , the transformation and upgrading of the industry depends on the transformation of the enterprise ' s business content . In the market mechanism , whether the enterprises participate in the upgrade of industrial transformation and the degree of participation are determined by the maximization of the enterprise ' s own interests .

Then we analyze how the local government changes the cost or benefit of the enterprises through the industrial policy , how the enterprises participate in the transformation and upgrading of the industry , and how the industrial transformation and upgrading results will change . The conclusion is that the appropriate industrial policy and the correct application of the industrial policy in the corresponding stages of the industrial transformation promotion can promote the industrial transformation and upgrading to the optimal result , otherwise , the industrial policy may also worsen the result of the industrial transformation and upgrading .

Further , we analyze the local government ' s local industrial policy . From the political and economic interests of the local government and its officials as the starting point of the analysis , the local government ' s industrial policy preferences are explained in terms of the political and economic interests of the local government and its officials . The conclusion is that the local government always selects the local industrial policy in its own interests , and the result is that the local government does not necessarily choose the industrial policy with the demand of the superior industry policy or the optimal effect of the industrial transformation promotion .

On the basis of the above analysis , the different industrial policy choices of local governments are combined to explain the effect of industrial transformation and upgrading in our country .

Finally , taking industrial pollution control as an example , we test the above analysis by actual economic data , and we see the industrial pollution control as the demand for the transformation and upgrading of local economy industry . In order to represent the difference of local economic and social conditions in the local industry , the local industry accounts for the local industrial structure . The result of the empirical test is basically consistent with the analysis process and conclusion of the paper .

【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F127

【参考文献】