基于绿色增长的区域技术创新效率比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 03:24

本文选题：绿色增长 + 技术创新效率　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：自改革开放以来,我国保持着快速稳定的经济发展,取得了令世界瞩目的成绩。但在发展经济的同时,资源环境为此付出了巨大的代价,集中力量发展绿色经济已刻不容缓。绿色增长的关键问题是提高资源环境绩效,即通过提高资源利用效率的方式,降低能源使用强度及污染物的排放,其中核心的问题在于提高绿色创新能力。若要提高绿色创新能力,除了要加大对创新的投入之外,还不能忽视区域绿色创新效率。对我国,在环境资源与创新资源都有限的情况下,研究如何尽可能地以最少的投入获得最多的产出、提高环境与创新资源的利用效率,对于缓解资源不足、提升区域技术创新能力都具有重要的意义。本文对绿色增长、技术创新效率及二者关系等相关研究进行文献综述的基础上,利用由Fried等人(2002)提出的三阶段DEA方法,对2008-2011年我国30个省(市)、自治区、直辖市及18个OECD国家的技术创新效率进行测算,分析外部宏观环境因素对技术创新效率的影响,比较我国不同地区效率差异及与OECD国家的差距,利用聚类分析将具有相似发展水平的省市或国家归为一组。本文的研究结果显示,在剔除外部宏观环境因素和随机误差项影响之后,我国各省的技术创新效率和规模效率均值有所下降,纯技术创新效率均值显著提高,但仍低于规模效率,技术和管理水平较低是阻碍我国多数省市技术创新效率提高的重要因素。我国尚有很多省份处于规模报酬递增状态,实际投入不足。不同地区的技术创新发展程度不同,东部地区相对其他地区的技术创新效率更高,而西部地区的技术创新效率较低。与OECD国家相比,我国的创新能力和创新效率仍存在很大的提升空间。通过聚类结果可以发现,我国属于技术创新效率较低组别,与葡萄牙、斯洛伐克、挪威、波兰等国家具有相似的发展路径。外部宏观环境因素对区域技术创新效率有一定影响,其中科技创新环境和政府环境投入能够显著地减少投入量,而外商投资虽然能减少研发人员投入和经费支出,但会增加废气污染物排放量。最后,针对研究结论,本文提出政策建议。我国今后应明确技术创新目标,在发展经济的同时,关注资源节约和环境保护问题,可以从环境、技术和经济三个方面实施具体的政策；应加大对科技的投入、对环境保护的支持,创造有利于技术创新效率提升的外部宏观环境,引导技术创新效率高的地区带动效率低的地区,实现全国范围内的协调发展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has maintained a rapid and stable economic development, and has made remarkable achievements in the world. But at the same time, the resources and environment have paid a great price, so it is urgent to concentrate on the development of green economy. The key problem of green growth is to improve the performance of resources and environment, that is, to reduce the intensity of energy use and the emission of pollutants by improving the efficiency of resource utilization, among which the core problem is to improve the ability of green innovation. If we want to improve the ability of green innovation, we should not ignore the efficiency of regional green innovation besides increasing the input of innovation. To our country, under the circumstance that the environment resources and the innovation resources are limited, the research how to obtain the most output with the least input as possible, to improve the utilization efficiency of the environment and the innovation resources, to alleviate the shortage of the resources. It is of great significance to enhance the ability of regional technological innovation. Based on the literature review of green growth, technological innovation efficiency and the relationship between them, and using the three-stage DEA method proposed by Fried et al. 2002, 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China from 2008 to 2011 are studied. The technological innovation efficiency of the municipality directly under the Central Government and 18 OECD countries is measured, the influence of external macro environmental factors on the technological innovation efficiency is analyzed, and the differences between China's different regions and OECD countries are compared. Cluster analysis is used to group provinces, cities and countries with similar levels of development. The results of this paper show that after removing the influence of external macro environmental factors and random errors, the average value of technological innovation efficiency and scale efficiency of every province in China has decreased, while the average of pure technological innovation efficiency has been significantly increased. However, it is still lower than the scale efficiency, and the low level of technology and management is an important factor that hinders the improvement of technological innovation efficiency in most provinces and cities of China. There are still many provinces in China in the state of increasing returns, the actual investment is insufficient. The degree of development of technological innovation in different regions is different. The efficiency of technological innovation in the eastern region is higher than that in other regions, but the technological innovation efficiency in the western region is lower. Compared with OECD countries, there is still much room for improvement of innovation ability and efficiency in China. The clustering results show that China belongs to the low efficiency group of technological innovation and has a similar development path with Portugal Slovakia Norway Poland and so on. External macro environmental factors have certain influence on the efficiency of regional technological innovation, in which the environment of science and technology innovation and the environmental input of government can significantly reduce the amount of investment, while foreign investment can reduce the investment of R & D personnel and expenditure. But it will increase emissions of pollutants. Finally, according to the conclusions of the study, this paper puts forward policy recommendations. In the future, China should make clear the goal of technological innovation, pay attention to the problems of resource conservation and environmental protection while developing economy, and implement specific policies from three aspects of environment, technology and economy, and increase investment in science and technology. Support for environmental protection, create an external macro environment conducive to improving the efficiency of technological innovation, guide the regions with high efficiency of technological innovation to drive the areas with low efficiency, and realize the coordinated development of the whole country.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.3

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