十八大以来中国共产党精准扶贫思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 14:05

本文选题：中国共产党 + 精准扶贫　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：贫困是一个困扰人类发展的难题,世界各国都把消除贫困作为国家治理的重要内容。中国作为最大的发展中国家,贫困人口多,贫困分布广,贫困程度深,因此扶贫一直党和政府的重要工作。在理论上,包括马克思恩格斯在内的马克思主义作家都对资本主义社会的贫困、如何消除贫困,都进行了深刻的分析,形成了马克思主义的反贫困理论。在党的历史上,党的历代领导集体就消除贫困、实现共同富裕,提出了很多思想和观点。主要有人民共同富裕思想、共同富裕思想和扶贫开发思想。这些思想观点为精准扶贫思想提供了理论支持。同时,十八大以来中国的扶贫事业面临新的现实背景。首先我们要在2020年全面建成小康社会,实现共同富裕。其次还要在此基础上完成社会主义现代化,实现中华民族伟大复兴的“中国梦”。再次我国的经济发展进入新常态,需要我们提升经济发展质量、优化经济结构、实现创新驱动。最后在国际上我们面临提升我国的国际形象、增强综合国力的需要。这些现实背景促使我们必须在扶贫事业上利用新的指导思想,采取新的扶贫方式,帮助7000多万贫困人口在2020年彻底摆脱贫困,实现区域整体脱贫。在这样的理论支持和现实背景下,以习近平为核心的党中央从治国理政的高度提出了精准扶贫思想。“天下之治乱,不在一姓之兴亡,而在万民之忧乐。”党中央把精准扶贫作为党治国理政的重要内容,以高度的责任感和使命感,扎实推进精准扶贫工作,使我们的扶贫事业得到了巨大的成绩。由此形成了由目标定位、基本要求、实施策略、主要路径、格局构建为主要内容的精准扶贫思想。精准扶贫思想首先在目标定位上明确提出要解决多年扶贫难啃的“硬骨头”,打赢脱贫攻坚战,要在2020年实现7000万人的脱贫目标。在基本要求上,精准扶贫思想要求扶持对象精准、项目安排精准、资金使用精准、措施到户精准、因村派人(第一书记)精准、脱贫成效精准。在实施策略上,精准扶贫思想提出要坚持因人因地施策、因贫困原因施策、因贫困类型施策。在主要路径上,精准扶贫思想指出要完善扶贫机制,加强教育扶贫,提高扶贫意识创新扶贫模式。在格局构建上,精准扶贫思想提出要构建多参与、“三位一体”的大扶贫格局。在这些内容相互联系、相互影响,使精准扶贫思想成为一个完整的、系统性的整体。精准扶贫思想与以往的扶贫思想相比,更加具有科学性、先进性和创新性。具体体现在:精准扶贫思想的思想基础、实践基础、思想体系都是科学的,精准扶贫思想符合我国的扶贫规律,因此具有科学性;精准扶贫思想坚持了顶层设计与基层智慧的结合,坚持了物质扶贫与精神扶贫的统一,坚持了外部支持和内生动力的统一,因此具有先进性;精准扶贫思想与以往的扶贫思想相比,在目标定位、战略选择、扶贫途径上均有所创新,因此具有创新性。“消除贫困、改善民生、实现共同富裕,是社会主义的本质要求。”十八大以来,中国共产党的精准扶贫思想具有重大的理论意义和实践意义。在理论上,精准扶贫思想体现了党的执政为民规律、发展兴国规律、稳定团结规律,是中国共产党执政规律的新思考和新探索;丰富和发展了邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观,是对中国特色社会主义理论的丰富和发展;精准扶贫思想把发展作为解决贫困的总办法,同时坚持人的全面发展,是对马克思主义反贫困理论的继承和发展。在实践上,精准扶贫思想提出要构建区域精准扶贫和个体精准扶贫协同推进的精准扶贫体系,有助于完善我国扶贫开发治理体系,助力实现全面小康社会,促进社会主义现代化;精准扶贫思想在实践中积累的丰富的成功经验,特别是为广大发展中国家提供了重要借鉴,有助于为世界减贫事业提供中国方案,贡献中国智慧。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a difficult problem that plagued human development. All countries in the world regard poverty eradication as an important part of national governance. As the largest developing country, China is the largest developing country, the poverty population is wide, poverty is widely distributed, and the poverty is deep. Therefore, poverty alleviation has been the important work of the party and the government. In theory, including the Marx doctrine of Marx and Engels All the writers have made a profound analysis of the poverty of the capitalist society and how to eliminate poverty. The theory of Marx's anti poverty has been formed. In the history of the party, the leading collective of the party has put forward many ideas and views on eliminating poverty and realizing common prosperity. These ideas provide theoretical support for the thought of precision poverty alleviation. At the same time, China's poverty alleviation undertakings have faced new realistic backgrounds since the eighteen major countries. First, we should build a well-off society in an all-round way in 2020 and realize common prosperity. Secondly, we should complete the modernization of social society on this basis and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The "Chinese dream". Once again our country's economic development has entered a new normal state. We need to improve the quality of our economic development, optimize the economic structure and realize the innovation driven. Finally, in the world, we face the need to enhance the international image of our country and strengthen the comprehensive national strength. These realistic backgrounds have prompted us to use new guidance in the cause of poverty alleviation. Think, take the new way of poverty alleviation, help the about 70000000 poor people to get rid of poverty in 2020 and realize the whole area of poverty. Under such support and reality, the Party Central Committee, with Xi Jinping as the core, put forward the idea of precision poverty alleviation from the high level of administering the country. "Music." the Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee, as an important part of the party's administration of the party's governance, has made a solid promotion of the work of poverty alleviation with a high sense of responsibility and mission, and has made great achievements in the cause of poverty alleviation. Therefore, it has formed a precision poverty reduction thought from the target orientation, basic requirements, implementation strategies, main path and pattern construction. In the first place, the idea of precision poverty alleviation is to put forward the "hard bone" to solve the problem of poverty alleviation for many years, win the poverty alleviation and hard work, to achieve the goal of 70 million people in 2020. In the basic requirements, the accurate poverty reduction thought requires accurate support objects, accurate project arrangement, accurate use of funds, measures to the household precision, and the village school In the implementation strategy, the idea of precision poverty alleviation should adhere to the policy of human being, the policy of poverty and the type of poverty in the main path. On the main path, the idea of precision poverty alleviation points out that the poverty alleviation mechanism should be perfected, the education and poverty alleviation should be strengthened, and the innovation and poverty alleviation mode of poverty alleviation consciousness should be improved. On the pattern construction, The idea of precision poverty alleviation puts forward the need to build more participation and the "Trinity" of the great poverty alleviation pattern. In these contents, they relate to each other, interact with each other, make the idea of accurate poverty alleviation become a complete and systematic whole. Compared with the former thought of poverty alleviation, the idea of precision poverty alleviation is more scientific, advanced and innovative. The ideological basis, the practical foundation and the ideological system are scientific. The thought of precision and poverty alleviation is consistent with the law of poverty alleviation in our country. Therefore, it is scientific. The idea of precision poverty alleviation has adhered to the combination of top design and grass-roots wisdom, adhered to the unification of material poverty alleviation and spiritual poverty alleviation, and therefore adhered to the unity of external support and endogenous motivation. The idea of precision poverty alleviation is innovative in target orientation, strategic choice and poverty alleviation. Therefore, it is innovative. Therefore, it is innovative. "Eliminating poverty, improving people's livelihood and realizing common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism." the eighteen major ideas of the Communist Party of China have a great reason for precision poverty alleviation. In theory, the idea of precision poverty alleviation embodies the party's rule of government for the people, the development of the law of rejuvenating the country and the stability of the law of unity, which is the new thinking and new exploration of the ruling law of the Communist Party of China, and enriches and develops the Deng Xiaoping theory, the important thought of "Three Represents" and the Scientific Outlook on Development, which is the socialist theory of Chinese characteristics. The theory of precision and poverty alleviation is the inheritance and development of the anti poverty theory of Marx doctrine. In practice, the precise poverty alleviation thought puts forward a precise poverty alleviation system which should build the precision poverty alleviation and the precise poverty alleviation of the individual, which is helpful to the end of the poverty alleviation system. It is good for our country to help the poor development and management system to help achieve a well-off society in an all-round way and promote socialist modernization, and the rich and successful experience accumulated in the practice of precision and poverty alleviation, especially for the developing countries, will provide a Chinese scheme for the world's poverty reduction cause and contribute to the wisdom of China.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F092.7;F126

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