两阶段视角下的区域创新效率研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 07:26

本文选题：区域创新 + 创新效率　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪90年代以来，科学技术不断发展，其与一个国家经济、地位、安全的紧密联系日益凸显，各国纷纷将推动技术进步与创新活动发展列入国家发展战略之中。中国政府于1998首次提出建立国家创新体系的宏伟目标，十七大报告更将创新型国家建设提高到国家战略层面。依靠科技创新，提升产业结构、转变经济增长方式已成为新时期国家发展经济的重要战略举措。我国创新活动的投入与发达国家相比还有一定差距，但总体来说一直保持上升趋势。且创新投入的不足受到经济发展水平、文化教育程度等限制，必须遵循一定的发展趋势，短期内难以提高。一味增加创新投入不能解决制约创新系统发展的根本问题，从提高创新效率入手则更适应本阶段创新能力提升的需求。本文从两阶段视角出发研究区域创新效率问题，将区域创新系统划分为科技成果转化阶段和效益转化阶段。分别采用因子分析-数据包络分析复合方法测算子系统与总系统创新效率，并测度子系统效率间的协调度，采用面板数据回归模型测算非主体因素对两个子系统的不同影响。最后，采用全国29地的创新活动面板数据，以江苏省创新系统为主要研究对象，，进行了实证分析，得出以下结论：（1）将区域创新系统划分为科技成果转化与效益转化两个阶段，有助于打开区域创新系统运作的“黑箱”，按其实际运行状况梳理为一个线性的过程，进而研究区域创新效率。得到的分阶段效率值，一方面可以比原始方法提供更丰富的管理信息，另一方面也有利于对系统内部协调度、子系统影响因素进行测算。（2）因子分析与数据包络分析复合评价方法，可以客观的提炼指标信息，能有效解决随着指标数量增加造成的效率普遍趋近于1，以及有效DMU间无法比较的情况。与经典DEA方法相比扩展了其应用范围。（3）对包括江苏省在内的我国29个省、市及地区的区域创新效率进行测算、比较与评价，得出江苏省区域创新系统的效益转化效率要优于科技成果转化效率，且子系统协调度较高。政府支持因素对两阶段效率都有负影响，而金融环境存在正向影响。基础设施的完备程度对科技成果转化效率有正影响，劳动力素质因素则有负向影响。在效益转化阶段，基础设施影响不显著，劳动力素质存在正影响。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, science and technology has been developing constantly, and its close relationship with a country's economy, status and security has become increasingly prominent. Countries have included the promotion of technological progress and innovation activities in the national development strategy. In 1998, the Chinese government put forward the grand goal of establishing a national innovation system for the first time, and the report of the 17th National Congress raised the construction of an innovative country to the level of national strategy. Depending on scientific and technological innovation, upgrading industrial structure and changing the mode of economic growth, it has become an important strategic measure for national economic development in the new period. Compared with the developed countries, the investment of innovation activities in China is still far from that of the developed countries, but generally speaking, it has maintained an upward trend. And the shortage of innovation input is limited by the level of economic development and the level of culture and education, which must follow a certain trend of development and be difficult to improve in the short term. Blindly increasing innovation input can not solve the fundamental problem that restricts the development of innovation system. Starting with improving innovation efficiency, it is more suitable for the demand of improving innovation ability at this stage. This paper studies the efficiency of regional innovation from the perspective of two stages, and divides the regional innovation system into the stage of transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the stage of transformation of benefits. Factor analysis-data envelopment analysis method is used to measure the innovation efficiency of subsystem and total system, and the coordination degree between subsystem efficiency is measured. Panel data regression model is used to measure the different influence of non-main factors on the two subsystems. Finally, using the innovation activity panel data of 29 places in China, taking the innovation system of Jiangsu Province as the main research object, the empirical analysis is carried out, and the following conclusions are drawn: 1) dividing the regional innovation system into two stages: the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the transformation of benefits will help to open the "black box" of the operation of the regional innovation system, and comb it into a linear process according to its actual operating conditions, and then study the efficiency of regional innovation. On the one hand, it can provide more abundant management information than the original method, on the other hand, it can also help to calculate the internal coordination degree of the system and the influence factors of the subsystem. 2) the compound evaluation method of factor analysis and data envelopment analysis can extract the index information objectively, and can effectively solve the problem that the efficiency caused by the increase of index quantity generally approaches to 1, and the effective DMU can not be compared with each other. Compared with the classical DEA method, its application range is extended. (3) the efficiency of regional innovation in 29 provinces, cities and regions of China, including Jiangsu Province, is measured, compared and evaluated, and it is concluded that the efficiency of regional innovation system in Jiangsu Province is better than that in transformation of scientific and technological achievements. And the subsystem coordination degree is high. Government support factors have a negative impact on both stages of efficiency, while the financial environment has a positive impact. The completeness of infrastructure has a positive effect on the efficiency of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, while the factor of labor quality has a negative effect. In the stage of benefit transformation, the influence of infrastructure is not significant, and the quality of labor force is positive.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.3;F224

【参考文献】