河南省城乡居民财产性收入差距研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 21:15

本文选题：财产性收入 + 河南省　；参考：《河南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：财产性收入是城乡居民收入重要的组成部分，近年来党和国家逐步加大对城乡居民财产性收入的关注程度，中国共产党十八大提出要“多渠道增加居民财产性收入”，这是继中国共产党十七大报告首次确定“创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入”之后的又一政策亮点，研究城乡居民财产性收入对于切实保障和改善民生、持续扩大中等收入群体具有重大意义。之前对于居民收入问题的研究，大多是把重点放在构成居民收入中的工资性收入和家庭经营性收入这两个主要组成部分，对如何增加城乡居民收入和如何缩小城乡居民收入差距的研究也基本是围绕这两点展开的。当下对于河南城乡居民财产性收入的深入研究和探讨比较欠缺。所以，更加深入的研究影响河南城乡居民财产性收入增长的因素和城乡居民财产收入差距扩大的问题，可以助推“三化”协调发展。河南作为我国的农业大省，农业的发展是河南省经济发展的重中之重，如何实现农民增收是“三农”问题的核心，直接关系本省经济能否平稳快速可持续发展。研究城乡财产性收入差距问题无疑有利于实现农民的增收，提高本地区城市化水平，对实现中原崛起具有伟大的现实意义。河南作为我国传统的农业大省，对其城乡居民财产性收入问题的研究在全国具有一定的代表性，对各地区城乡居民财产性收入的研究具有一定的研究价值和借鉴意义。由河南省统计年鉴分析得出，河南城镇居民财产性收入近年来实现稳步增长，但由于其基数小、增长缓慢的特点，此项收入占总收入比重较低。河南省城镇居民财产性收入获得渠道以利息收入和房屋租赁收入为主。在股市较好的年份，其股息与红利收入会超过利息收入，成为第二大财产性收入来源。城镇居民较高收入户与较低收入户财产性收入差距较大并有不断扩大之势。与城镇相比，农村居民财产性收入也呈现出逐年增长的趋势。但由于中国农村发展滞后的现况，2012年河南农村居民财产性收入总量为不足城镇居民的一半，大约只是全国平均水平的一半，并且增长很缓慢。农村居民财产性收入高低收入组户之间收入差距较大，其收入来源主要是利息收入，渠道比较单一。从总量上来看，河南省城镇居民财产性收入总量是农村的数倍，最高时城镇为农村的三倍还要多，从增长率上来看，城镇和农村的财产性收入均呈现出不规律增长，由于受不同政策市场因素的影响，各别年份农村居民财产性收入的增长率超过了城镇；从获得渠道上来看，由于城镇具有较农村更为发达的资本市场，加上城镇居民平均较高的文化素质，以及更为敏锐投资理财意识，这些因素都促使城镇居民比农村居民有着更为广泛的财产性收入来源渠道；从城乡不同收入组户的比较来看，城乡间高低收入户的收入差距比较大，并有逐年增大的趋势。笔者针对当前河南省城乡居民财产性收入总量小、比重低、增长缓慢、来源渠道狭窄、不同收入群体间收入差距过大并有继续扩大的趋势等特点，，通过运用规范与实证分析、文献分析、纵向对比与横向对比相结合的研究方法，努力探寻原因，发现收入分配制度的不合理是导致城乡居民财产性收入差距扩大的直接原因，而社会保障制度的缺陷阻碍了居民财产性收入的增长，当前农村土地制度也不利于农村居民财产性收入的增长。相关的税收与金融政策、市场因素、家庭收入及教育程度也会影响到财产性收入的获得。文章最后分别从完善分配制度、保持经济的稳定发展水平、财政政策的配合、拓宽城乡居民投资渠道、完善社会保障制度和提高居民文化水平等几方面给出政策建议，希望可达到提高河南省城乡居民财产性收入，缩小财产性收入差距的目的。
[Abstract]:Property income is an important part of the income of urban and rural residents. In recent years, the party and the state have gradually increased the degree of attention to the property income of urban and rural residents. The eighteen Party of the Communist Party of China proposed to "increase the property income of residents in a multi channel". This is the first time that the Communist Party of China's 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China decided to create conditions for more masses to embrace. It is of great significance to study the property income of urban and rural residents to ensure and improve the people's livelihood and continue to expand the middle income group. The previous study on the income of residents is mostly focused on the wage income and the household income of household income, which constitute the income of the residents, two The research on how to increase the income of urban and rural residents and how to reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents is also basically around these two points. At the moment, the in-depth study and discussion of the property income of urban and rural residents in Henan are relatively short. Therefore, more in-depth studies have been made to influence the growth of property income of urban and rural residents in Henan. The problem of the widening gap between the income and the property income of the urban and rural residents can help to promote the coordinated development of "three". As a major agricultural province in China, the development of agriculture is the most important part of the economic development of Henan province. How to realize the increase of farmers' income is the core of the "three rural" problem, and directly related to the smooth and rapid sustainable development of the province's economy. The problem of urban and rural property income gap is undoubtedly beneficial to the realization of the increase of farmers' income, the improvement of the level of urbanization in the region and the great practical significance for the realization of the rise of the Central Plains. As a traditional agricultural province of China, the research on the property income of urban and rural residents in Henan has a certain representation in the whole country and the urban and rural residents in all regions. The study of property income has certain research value and reference significance.
According to the analysis of Henan statistical yearbook, the property income of urban residents in Henan has been growing steadily in recent years. But because of its small base and slow growth, the income of urban residents is low in total income. The main channels of property income of urban residents in Henan province are interest income and housing lease income. Dividend and dividend income will exceed interest income and become the second largest source of property income. The income gap between higher income households and lower income households is larger and expanding. Compared with cities and towns, the property income of rural residents also presents a trend of growth year by year. But because of the current situation of China's rural development lagging, 20 The total property income of rural residents in Henan is half of the urban residents in the past 12 years, about half of the average national level, and the growth is slow. The income gap between the rural residents' income income group is large, the income source is mainly interest income and the channel is relatively simple. From the total, the cities and towns of Henan Province The total amount of property income of the residents is several times in the rural area, and the highest city is more than three times in the rural area. From the rate of growth, the property income of urban and rural areas all present irregular growth. Due to the influence of different policy market factors, the growth rate of the property income of rural residents in different years exceeds the town; from the access to the channel. As the city has a more developed capital market than the rural area, the average higher cultural quality of the urban residents, and the more keen investment and financial awareness, these factors have prompted the urban residents to have more extensive sources of property income than the rural residents; from the comparison of the different income groups in urban and rural areas, the urban and rural areas are compared. The income gap between high and low income households is relatively large, and there is a trend of increasing year by year.
In view of the small amount of property income of urban and rural residents in Henan Province, low proportion, slow growth, narrow source channel, large income gap between different income groups and the trend of continuing to expand, the author tries to explore the reasons by using normative and empirical analysis, literature analysis, longitudinal contrast and lateral contrast. It is found that the unreasonable income distribution system is the direct cause of the widening of the property income gap between the urban and rural residents, and the defects of the social security system impede the growth of the property income of the residents. The current rural land system is also not conducive to the growth of the property income of the rural residents. In the end, the article gives policy suggestions from several aspects, such as perfecting the distribution system, maintaining the stable development level of the economy, coordinating the financial policy, widening the investment channels of urban and rural residents, perfecting the social security system and improving the cultural level of the residents, hoping to improve the Henan Province. The purpose of reducing property income gap is to get property income from urban and rural residents.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7

【参考文献】