居民收入分配中的政府作用研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 21:01

本文选题：居民收入分配 + 新制度经济学　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国国民经济建设取得了巨大成就,与此同时,人民生活水平也有了显著提高。但是,改革开放带来的巨大红利被不为所有居民均享,当前我国居民收入分配领域出现了严重的问题：居民收入差距持续拉大,收入分配格局不断恶化,部分居民长期存在的隐性收入加剧了居民收入分配之间的不平等。自古以来,收入分配问题都是关乎国计民生的核心问题,居民收入分配领域出现严重问题不仅会影响居民消费水平的提高,更会在长期内影响到国民经济的持续稳定增长,甚至会影响到政局稳定和社会的长治久安,因此,解决居民收入分配中出现的问题是政府义不容辞的职责,政府应该从政治职能、社会职能、经济职能等方面发挥自身的作用,正是基于以上背景,本文从新制度经济学这一全新的视角分析政府在居民收入分配领域中的作用,用全新的理论解释了政府的角色,并提出了相应的政策建议。本文共分为五章：第一章是导论,主要内容包括论文问题的提出、研究的背景及意义,本文的基本思路和主要框架、研究的主要研究方法及主要创新点等。第二章是收入分配理论回顾及文献述评,这一章首先回顾了我国古代收入分配思想,梳理了西方收入分配理论,并且对不同经济学流派的收入分配理论进行了简单的总结,最后系统总结了我国学者关于居民收入分配领域的文献,指出了其中的特点和存在的不足。第三章是我国居民收入分配制度演进研究,本章首先回顾了我国建国以来的收入分配政策,指出我国居民收入分配政策的演变基本是由政府主导,政府居民收入分配制度和政策演变的主导者,本章还探讨了当前我国居民收入分配领域出现的问题及成因。第四章是居民收入分配中的政府作用分析,本章分别从产权理论、国家理论、委托代理理论、利益集团理论等视角分析了政府的作用,本章还用新制度经济学的分析框架分析了我国政府在居民收入分配中的作用和角色。本章最后一部分内容是政府作用绩效分析,通过构建数学模型,从实证上探讨政府通过财政支出结构对社会不公平程度的影响来分析政府的绩效,同时通过对政府转移支付方面检验当前转移支付政策对缩小居民收入差距的效果和作用。第五章是结论和相应的政策建议。通过全文的分析得出结论,并结合实证分析的结果,从新制度经济学的视角给出了若干政策建议。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's national economic construction has made great achievements, at the same time, the people's living standards have improved significantly. However, the huge dividend brought by the reform and opening up is not shared by all the residents. At present, there are serious problems in the field of income distribution in our country: the income gap of residents continues to widen, and the pattern of income distribution continues to deteriorate. The long-term hidden income of some residents intensifies the inequality between the income distribution of residents. Since ancient times, the issue of income distribution has been the core issue of the national economy and the people's livelihood. Serious problems in the field of income distribution will not only affect the improvement of the consumption level of residents, but also affect the sustained and stable growth of the national economy in the long run. It may even affect political stability and the long-term stability of society. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the government to solve the problems arising in the distribution of residents' income. The government should play its role in political, social and economic functions. Based on the above background, this paper analyzes the role of government in the field of resident income distribution from the perspective of new institutional economics, explains the role of government with a new theory, and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, the main contents include the question of the paper, the background and significance of the study, the basic ideas and main framework of this paper, the main research methods and main innovation points, etc. The second chapter is a review of income distribution theory and literature review. This chapter reviews the ancient Chinese income distribution theory, combs the western income distribution theory, and summarizes the income distribution theory of different economic schools. Finally, the paper summarizes the literature of Chinese scholars on income distribution, and points out the characteristics and shortcomings. The third chapter is the study of the evolution of the income distribution system in China. This chapter firstly reviews the income distribution policy since the founding of the people's Republic of China, and points out that the evolution of the income distribution policy of our country is basically led by the government. This chapter also discusses the problems and causes in the field of income distribution in China. The fourth chapter is the analysis of the role of government in the distribution of residents' income. This chapter analyzes the role of government from the perspectives of property right theory, state theory, principal-agent theory, interest group theory and so on. This chapter also analyzes the role and role of Chinese government in the distribution of residents' income by using the analytical framework of new institutional economics. The last part of this chapter is the analysis of the performance of the government. By constructing the mathematical model, the paper empirically discusses the influence of the government expenditure structure on the social inequality to analyze the performance of the government. At the same time, the effect and effect of the current transfer payment policy on narrowing the income gap of residents are tested through the government transfer payment. The fifth chapter is the conclusion and the corresponding policy recommendations. The conclusion is drawn from the analysis of the full text, and some policy suggestions are given from the perspective of new institutional economics combined with the results of empirical analysis.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F126.2;D630

【参考文献】