多维成本视角的经济发展质量研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 09:19

本文选题：经济发展质量 + 成本　；参考：《中国农业大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着中国经济的持续高速发展,越来越多的国内外专家、学者都开始关注中国经济发展的模式,称中国经济的快速发展为中国奇迹,但这些溢美之言无法掩盖经济高速发展所带来的环境污染、生产要素成本低估、各类社会不公等问题,这些社会及经济问题背后折射出我国经济发展模式的弊端,因此本文尝试从成本的视角来研究我国的经济发展质量。按照波特的理论,一个经济体的经济发展一般要经历四个阶段,分别是要素驱动、投资驱动、创新改革驱动以及财富驱动等四个阶段,我国目前的主要处于要素驱动和投资驱动经济增长的阶段,该阶段在短期内可以对经济起到巨大的促进作用,但从长期看并不具有可持续性。本文主要是从当前我国经济发展模式所带来的经济成本、生态成本和社会成本等成本视角来综合评价我国的经济发展质量。为求经济的高速发展,全国各地的经济发展均向投资型发展模式看齐,地方政府四处招商引资,廉价出让土地,这不仅剥夺了普通农民真实的土地收益权,更带来了各种影响社会稳定的群体性事件。在经济的快速发展中,寻租腐败就像一颗毒瘤一样侵蚀着整个经济系统,因为它不但不生产任何有价值的物品,而且还在耗费社会中本应投入生产的各种资源,这些被耗费的资源本质上是制度成本,并未被国民经济的GDP核算在内,自然影响到经济发展质量的综合评价。当经济发展成为唯一目的,人们舍弃了清新的空气、清澈的河水以及健康的食品等,这带给普通民众的则是雾霾奇袭、河流污染以及各种新型疾病的蔓延,而以温室气体大量排放为代表的环境成本从未被官方的GDP计算在内。为了经济的快速发展,在国家收入分配制度不完善的情形下,就会产生越发展越不公的收入分配局面,而且这样的局面是全方位的,大到区域层面、中到城乡之间、小到行业之间等均存在收入分配不公现象,这不仅不利于拉动内需,更会影响经济的均衡发展和社会的稳定,这样的不公平问题应被作为社会成本考量进一个国家的经济发展质量评价中。我国的经济发展模式伴随着发展资金来源从单一到多方向的时期转变；投资资金的来源也从既无外债也无内债,到全面举债和引进外资转变,这些资本既促进了经济的高速发展,也带给人们更多关于真实国民财富的思考,引进的外资如果只带来污染而带走的是他国的GNP,则不利于国民财富的积累。本文研究了以上这些在经济发展过程中出现的隐性成本或未被核算成本,并认为如果不核算这些成本将不能更客观地衡量我们的经济发展质量。文章最后指出造成这些成本的根本原因是市场不完善和改革不到位。市场在环境污染、投资型发展模式等方面应起决定性作用；通过深化制度改革以消除制度缺陷并达到收入分配的相对公平及对寻租的杜绝,唯此我国的经济发展才能更有质量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous and rapid development of China's economy, more and more experts at home and abroad have begun to pay attention to the mode of China's economic development, and the rapid development of China's economy is the miracle of China. But these words can not cover up the environmental pollution caused by the rapid economic development, the cost of production is underestimated, and all kinds of social injustice are unequal. The problem, these social and economic problems reflect the disadvantages of our country's economic development model, so this paper tries to study the quality of our country's economic development from the perspective of cost.
According to Potter's theory, the economic development of an economy generally goes through four stages, which are factor driven, investment driven, innovation and reform drive and wealth driving. Our country is currently mainly in the stage of factor driven and investment driven economic growth. This stage can greatly promote the economy in the short term. It works, but it is not sustainable in the long run.
This article is mainly to evaluate the economic development quality of our country from the economic cost, the ecological cost and the social cost, which is brought by the current economic development model of our country. This not only deprives the ordinary farmers of the real land income rights, but also brings all kinds of mass events that affect social stability. In the rapid economic development, rent-seeking corruption is like a tumor that erodes the whole economic system, because it does not produce any valuable goods, but it also costs the society to invest in production. All kinds of resources, these consumed resources are essentially institutional costs, have not been accounted for by the GDP of the national economy, and naturally affect the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of economic development. When the economic development is the only purpose, people abandon the fresh air, clear river water and healthy food, which gives the ordinary people the haze surprise attack, River pollution and the spread of a variety of new diseases, and the environmental costs represented by a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions have never been calculated by the official GDP. For the rapid economic development, in the case of imperfect national income distribution system, the more and more unfair distribution situation will be produced, and this situation is all round. The unfairness of income distribution exists between the middle and the rural areas, between the urban and rural areas, from the small to the industry, which is not only harmful to the domestic demand, but also affects the balanced development of the economy and the stability of the society. This kind of unfair problem should be considered as the social cost into the quality evaluation of the economic development of a country. The model is accompanied by a transition from a single to a multidirectional period. The source of investment funds is also from neither foreign debt nor internal debt, to full debt and foreign investment, which not only promotes the rapid development of the economy, but also brings people more thoughts about the real wealth of the people, and the foreign investment introduced only brings pollution if it only brings pollution. And taking away the GNP of other countries is not conducive to the accumulation of national wealth.
In this paper, the recessive or non accounting costs in the process of economic development are studied, and it is believed that the quality of our economic development can not be measured more objectively without accounting for these costs. Finally, the article points out that the root cause of these costs is that the market is not perfect and the reform is not in place. The mode of capital development should play a decisive role. By deepening the reform of the system to eliminate the defects of the system and to achieve the relative equity of income distribution and the elimination of rent-seeking, only in this way can our economic development be more quality.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124

【参考文献】