朝鲜经济发展特征及其前景

发布时间：2018-06-24 07:09

本文选题：朝鲜经济 + 二元经济结构　；参考：《延边大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：朝鲜经济至今没有完全摆脱经济危机,呈现出经济增长驱动力弱,计划经济与市场经济并存的二元经济结构,经济的对外依赖性强等基本特征。朝鲜政府虽然采取了国有经济改革,扩大市场经济,促进涉外经济发展等措施,但其效果仍有限。这是因为在朝鲜政府没有明确实施出口导向型经济发展战略和积极的改革开放政策的情况下,国有经济改革遇到制度瓶颈而无法深入进行,市场经济发展受制约,涉外经济发展受制于单一出口商品结构和国际社会对朝经济制裁。朝鲜是小型经济体,经济发展离不开国际交流与合作。朝鲜要维持经济的稳定与发展,需要发展出口产业,扩大商品和服务出口,增加外汇收入,以此扩大能源、粮食、机器设备及原材料等国内紧缺物资的进口。但是,联合国第2321号和第2371号决议造成了朝鲜外汇收入的大幅度减少。如果朝鲜外汇收入持续减少,导致朝鲜进口减少时,对朝鲜经济将产生负面影响。
[Abstract]:So far, the North Korean economy has not completely escaped the economic crisis, showing the basic characteristics of the weak driving force of economic growth, the dual economic structure of the planned economy and the market economy, and the strong external dependence of the economy. Although the DPRK government has adopted measures such as reforming the state-owned economy, expanding the market economy and promoting the development of the foreign economy, its effect is still limited. This is because, without the DPRK government's explicit implementation of the export-oriented economic development strategy and the active policy of reform and opening up, the reform of the state-owned economy cannot be carried out in depth because of institutional bottlenecks, and the development of the market economy is restricted. Foreign-related economic development is subject to single export commodity structure and international economic sanctions against North Korea. North Korea is a small economy, economic development can not be separated from international exchanges and cooperation. To maintain economic stability and development, North Korea needs to develop export industries, expand exports of goods and services, and increase foreign exchange earnings, thereby increasing imports of scarce domestic materials such as energy, food, machinery and equipment, and raw materials. But UN resolutions 2321 and 231 caused a sharp drop in North Korea's foreign exchange earnings. If North Korea's foreign exchange earnings continue to fall, resulting in a decline in North Korea's imports, will have a negative impact on the North Korean economy.
【作者单位】：延边大学经济管理学院;延边大学朝鲜半岛研究协同创新中心;延边大学;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(15XGJ009)
【分类号】：F131.2

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