政府腐败对中国碳排放的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 14:22

本文选题：腐败 + 碳排放　；参考：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：二氧化碳(CO2)排放对气候变化的影响引起全球的关注。《全球碳预算》显示2012年中国成为化石燃料排放的最大排放源,占世界总排放量的27%,因此中国在应对全球气候变化,降低能源消耗、碳排放方面承担着重要责任。改革开放以来中国在各方面取得了飞速发展,同时伴随而来的是中国政治、经济、社会、环境等领域腐败的日益加剧,1987-2013年仅我国省部级以上落马官员就达到165人,CPI指数始终维持在3.5左右的水平,属于世界腐败最严重的国家之一。国外相关文献研究显示,政府的腐败行为可能对碳排放产生影响；有些研究发现腐败对环境的影响甚至超过收入成为最重要的影响因素。因此,研究腐败对中国碳排放的影响具有重要意义。现有文献主要从国际角度出发研究腐败对环境的影响,尚无文献从中国角度出发系统研究腐败对碳排放的影响,本文正是为了弥补现有研究的缺憾而试图做出相应的努力。本文主要通过两个层面研究腐败对中国碳排放的影响效应：一方面,通过对国内外相关文献总结,立足腐败、经济增长和环境污染等相关经典理论,梳理了腐败对碳排放的影响渠道和作用机制,构建渠道影响的联立方程,从直接和间接渠道分析腐败对碳排放的总体影响；另一方面,在腐败对碳排放存在影响的基础上,构建腐败对碳排放影响的门槛效应方程,进一步分析在不同人力资本和环境规制水平门槛基础上腐败对环境影响的差异。本文结合中国腐败、碳排放的现状和发展趋势,借助面板联立方程估计、门槛面板估计等众多实证方法,利用1993-2011年省际数据定量考察了腐败对中国碳排放的客观影响,得到如下结论：首先,腐败对碳排放的直接效应显著为正,即腐败通过影响一地区环境规制的制定和执行直接影响当地的碳排放量,而腐败通过经济发展水平影响碳排放的间接效应在不同收入水平上有差异,这根据收入水平的高低来衡量,但总效应上看腐败会加剧中国的碳排放水平。其次,以环境规制和人力资本作为门槛变量作为腐败对碳排放的门槛面板估计值时发现,当环境规制和人力资本水平较低时,腐败程度的增加可能增加中国目前的碳排放总量和强度；当环境规制和人力资本水平较高时,腐败与碳排放总量呈负相关但相关性不显著,腐败对碳排放强度的影响在不同腐败衡量指标时可能产生不同影响。最后,本文在理论分析、实证结论的基础上,从抑制腐败、提高能源效率、重视腐败的门槛效应等多个方面,提出了有针对性的政策建议。
[Abstract]:The impact of carbon dioxide emissions on climate change is of global concern. [the Global carbon Budget] shows that China became the largest source of fossil fuel emissions in 2012, accounting for 27 percent of the world's total emissions, so China is dealing with global climate change. Reduce energy consumption, carbon emissions to bear an important responsibility. Since the reform and opening up, China has made rapid progress in various fields, accompanied by China's politics, economy and society. The corruption in environment and other fields is increasing day by day. From 1987 to 2013, only the provincial and ministerial officials of our country have reached 165 people or so, the CPI index has been maintained at 3.5 or so, which is one of the countries with the most serious corruption in the world. Foreign literature shows that the corrupt behavior of the government may have an impact on carbon emissions, and some studies have found that the impact of corruption on the environment is even greater than income as the most important factor. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the impact of corruption on China's carbon emissions. The existing literature mainly studies the impact of corruption on the environment from the international point of view, there is no literature from the perspective of China to systematically study the impact of corruption on carbon emissions, this paper is to make up for the shortcomings of existing research and try to make corresponding efforts. This paper mainly studies the effect of corruption on China's carbon emissions from two aspects: on the one hand, by summarizing the relevant literature at home and abroad, based on the classical theories of corruption, economic growth and environmental pollution, etc. This paper combs the influence channel and mechanism of corruption on carbon emission, constructs the simultaneous equation of channel influence, analyzes the overall influence of corruption on carbon emission from direct and indirect channels; on the other hand, on the basis of the influence of corruption on carbon emission, The threshold effect equation of corruption on carbon emissions is constructed, and the difference of corruption on environment based on the threshold of different human capital and environmental regulation level is further analyzed. Combined with the current situation and development trend of corruption and carbon emissions in China, this paper, with the aid of panel simultaneous equation estimation, threshold panel estimation and many other empirical methods, quantitatively examines the objective impact of corruption on China's carbon emissions by using interprovincial data from 1993 to 2011. The conclusions are as follows: first, the direct effect of corruption on carbon emissions is significantly positive, that is, corruption directly affects local carbon emissions by influencing the formulation and implementation of environmental regulations in a region. The indirect effects of corruption on carbon emissions through the level of economic development are different in different income levels, which is measured by the level of income, but the total effect of corruption will aggravate the level of carbon emissions in China. Secondly, using environmental regulation and human capital as threshold variables, we find that when environmental regulation and human capital level are low, When the level of environmental regulation and human capital is high, corruption is negatively correlated with the total amount of carbon emissions, but the correlation is not significant. The impact of corruption on carbon intensity may vary with different measures of corruption. Finally, on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical conclusions, this paper puts forward targeted policy recommendations from many aspects, such as restraining corruption, improving energy efficiency, paying attention to the threshold effect of corruption and so on.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D630;F124.5

【参考文献】