辽宁省财政支出政策调节城乡居民收入差距的效应研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 11:21

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济取得了实质性飞跃,人民生活水平也不断提高。然而,城乡居民收入差距不断扩大的矛盾也日益凸显。城市繁荣与农村萧条并存、工业发展飞跃与农业发展缓慢共生的二元经济体制已成为阻碍经济可持续发展的瓶颈。目前,我国经济发展方式正在转型和升级,经济发展方式的转型要求政府职能的转变。相应地,财政支出政策也需要作出调整。财政支出政策是政府进行宏观调控的主要手段。合理的财政支出规模和结构有利于提高财政资金使用效率,为城乡居民提供均衡的基本公共服务体系,统筹城乡一体化发展水平,从而为缩小城乡居民的收入差距奠定良好的基础。本文的选题正是在此背景下确立的,本文研究的主要内容是辽宁省财政支出政策调节城乡居民收入差距的效应。本论文主要从以下四个方面逐级展开。首先,阐释财政支出政策调节城乡居民收入差距的理论依据和作用机理。以市场失灵理论、政府干预理论和福利经济学理论为理论基础,具体分析教育、医疗卫生、社会保障支出调节城乡居民收入差距的作用机理。其次,对辽宁省财政支出政策调节城乡居民收入差距进行统计分析。描述辽宁城乡收入差距时主要从城乡收入水平和结构两个维度加以考察;描述财政支出时从规模和结构入手,运用统计数据分析教育经费、医疗卫生和社会保障支出的现状。再次,运用实证回归模型分析教育、社会保障和医疗卫生支出对调节城乡收入差距的贡献度。实证结果表明,辽宁教育经费支出扩大城乡收入差距,而医疗卫生和社会保障支出能够缩小城乡收入差距,这也反映出辽宁财政支出结构存在不合理。最后,借鉴典型国家成功经验,提出缩小城乡居民收入差距的具体建议,以期为辽宁制定缩小城乡收入差距的财政支出政策提供参考价值。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made a substantial leap, the people's living standards are also constantly improving. However, the income gap between urban and rural residents continues to expand the contradiction is also increasingly prominent. Urban prosperity and rural depression coexist, and the dual economic system of industrial development leaps and slow symbiosis of agricultural development has become the bottleneck that hinders the sustainable development of economy. At present, the mode of economic development in China is transforming and upgrading, the transformation of economic development requires the transformation of government functions. Accordingly, the fiscal expenditure policy also needs to make the adjustment. Fiscal expenditure policy is the main means of government macro-control. A reasonable scale and structure of financial expenditure is conducive to improving the efficiency of the use of financial funds, providing a balanced basic public service system for urban and rural residents, and coordinating the level of development of urban and rural integration. Thus to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents to lay a good foundation. The topic of this paper is established under this background, the main content of this paper is the effect of fiscal expenditure policy of Liaoning Province to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents. This paper mainly starts from the following four aspects. First, explain the theoretical basis and mechanism of fiscal expenditure policy to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents. Based on the theory of market failure, government intervention and welfare economics, this paper analyzes the mechanism of education, health care and social security expenditure in regulating the income gap between urban and rural residents. Secondly, the adjustment of income gap between urban and rural residents by fiscal expenditure policy in Liaoning Province is analyzed statistically. In describing the income gap between urban and rural areas in Liaoning province, the author mainly investigates the income level and structure of urban and rural areas, and analyzes the current situation of expenditure on education, health care and social security by using statistical data, starting with the scale and structure of financial expenditure. Thirdly, we use empirical regression model to analyze the contribution of education, social security and health care expenditure to the adjustment of income gap between urban and rural areas. The empirical results show that the expenditure on education expands the income gap between urban and rural areas, while the expenditure on health care and social security can narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, which also reflects the unreasonable structure of Liaoning's fiscal expenditure. Finally, the author draws lessons from the successful experiences of typical countries and puts forward some concrete suggestions to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents, in order to provide reference value for Liaoning to formulate the fiscal expenditure policy to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F812.45;F124.7

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