山西煤炭资源型城市转型发展研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 08:29

【摘要】：山西省煤炭资源丰富,是我国重要的能源基地。改革开放以来,山西省煤炭工业迅猛发展,已经成为全省国民经济发展的重要支柱产业,肩负着满足国家经济建设需求和发展本省经济的双重使命,其地位和作用举足轻重。但是,山西省在资源和环境方面也付出了沉重的代价,煤炭资源的后备资源不充足,主体资源面临不同程度的枯竭；支柱产业单一,城市过度依赖采矿业,经济总量不足,地方财力薄弱；环境污染和地质灾害较为突出；城市的负担过重,社会保险、社会保障工作滞后,职工收入和生活水平低；政府和矿业企业之间职能划分不清,存在着企业办社会、政府办企业的功能错位。城市是生产和生活的载体,城市转型是一个普遍问题,是产业结构变化的普遍性要求；资源型城市转型则还涉及资源合理使用、可持续发展、人与环境协调等综合性问题,因此其城市转型研究就显得更为重要。煤炭、石油等的稀缺性造成人类日益增长的需求难以被持续满足,国家对煤炭、石油等能源的需求量日益扩大,无论其开采还是使用都会对自然环境造成严重的负面影响,例如近几年来困扰人们正常生活的雾霾天气。完全靠政府来决定经济转型,靠国家投资来实现经济转型是不可能的。所以,有必要根据我国国情,借鉴世界先进国家与地区的有益经验,帮助引导山西省的资源型地区经济转型。为了解决上述问题,本文通过学习国外资源型城市转型成功的案例,综合分析了德国鲁尔区、法国洛林区在转型过程中采取的政策引导、新兴科技、对外开放、社会培训等方面的措施,指出转型成功是多方面因素共同作用的结果,必须多方共同努力,降低转型失败的风险性。从推进政企分开、发展接续替代产业、吸引转型资金、整治生态环境、加快城乡一体化和完善城市功能等六个方面入手,将“经济转型、体制创新、设施提升、环境美化”作为政策落脚点,通过制定产业政策,改善制度实施的环境,快速推动山西煤炭资源型城市向新型工业城市转变,提高地区经济开放性,顺利实现经济转型。
[Abstract]:Shanxi Province is rich in coal resources, is an important energy base in China. Since the reform and opening up, the coal industry in Shanxi Province has developed rapidly and has become an important pillar industry in the development of the province's national economy, shouldering the dual mission of meeting the needs of national economic construction and developing the provincial economy, and its position and role are very important. However, Shanxi Province has also paid a heavy price in terms of resources and environment. The reserve resources of coal resources are not sufficient, the main resources are being depleted to varying degrees, the pillar industries are single, the cities are over-dependent on the mining industry, and the total economic volume is insufficient. Local financial resources are weak; environmental pollution and geological disasters are more prominent; urban burdens are too heavy, social insurance and social security work lag, workers' incomes and living standards are low, and the functions of the government and mining enterprises are not clearly divided. There is an enterprise to run the society, the function of the government-run enterprise dislocation. City is the carrier of production and life, urban transformation is a universal problem, and it is the universal requirement of the change of industrial structure. The transformation of resource-based city also involves comprehensive problems such as rational use of resources, sustainable development, coordination between human and environment, and so on. Therefore, the study of its urban transformation appears to be more important. Because of the scarcity of coal and oil, the increasing demand of human beings is difficult to be continuously satisfied. The demand for coal, oil and other energy resources is increasing day by day. Whether it is exploited or used, it will have a serious negative impact on the natural environment. For example, in recent years, people's normal life of the haze weather. It is impossible to rely solely on the government to decide the economic transformation, and to rely on the state investment to achieve the economic transformation. Therefore, it is necessary to guide the economic transformation of resource-based regions in Shanxi Province according to the national conditions of our country and the beneficial experience of advanced countries and regions in the world. In order to solve the above problems, this paper, by studying the successful cases of the transformation of foreign resource-based cities, synthetically analyzes the policy guidance, emerging science and technology, opening to the outside world adopted in the process of transformation in Ruhr district, France Lorraine region, Germany. Social training and other measures, it is pointed out that the success of the transition is the result of a combination of factors, we must work together to reduce the risk of failure. Starting from six aspects, such as promoting the separation of government and enterprises, developing alternative industries, attracting funds for transformation, renovating the ecological environment, speeding up the integration of urban and rural areas, and perfecting the functions of the city, it will "transform the economy, innovate the system, and upgrade the facilities." As the base of the policy, environmental beautification, by making industrial policy, improving the environment of system implementation, can quickly promote the transformation of Shanxi coal resource-based city to a new type of industrial city, improve the regional economic openness, and smoothly realize the economic transformation.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F127

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