合理配置资源缩小城乡收入差距研究

发布时间：2018-09-12 05:55

【摘要】：我国的城乡收入差距问题备受关注。我国城乡收入差距大，农村居民人均纯收入低，不利于扩大消费、带动投资，制约我国经济的持续增长。因此，提高农村居民收入尤为关键。本文研究我国城乡收入差距，目的是找出造成我国城乡收入差距大的原因，并试图提出合理的建议加以解决。本文运用实证和规范的分析方法，对我国城乡收入差距的解释变量进行分析。我国的劳动力、土地、资本等资源没有得到合理配置，在劳动力资源方面，农村劳动力过剩，农村劳动力流动又因劳动力市场不完善、户籍制度限制、土地流转机制不完善而受阻；在人力资本方面，我国农村居民人均受教育年限低于城镇居民，在技能培训方面不足；在资本投入方面，我国的农村投资不足，相对城镇投资来说低；在财政支出方面，支出偏向于城镇。要缩小城乡收入差距，就需合理配置各项资源，提高资源综合使用效率。本文创新点在于运用实证方法验证了劳动力流动、人力资本、物质资本投入、财政支出这四个因素交织在一起影响城乡收入差距。提出了要综合发挥农村劳动力资源、人力资本、物质资本投入、财政支出的作用，仅靠增加某种资源以提高生产率，难以缩小城乡收入差距；提出了多项改革应同时推进，共同推动资源自由流动，合理配置，以提高要素生产率，缩小城乡收入差距。本文第一部分论述了选题背景、意义、国内外研究的文献综述、研究方法和创新。第二部分理论研究，论述了收入差距决定因素的理论基础。从理论上分析了城乡收入差距的影响因素。第三部分分析了我国城乡居民收入差距较大的原因。我国城乡居民收入差距较大，也就是我国农村居民收入相对较低。本部分分析了劳动力、人力资本、物质资本投入、财政支出这四个方面对城乡收入差距的影响。第四部分通过建立时间序列模型验证了上述四方面对城乡收入差距的影响。第五部分提出了合理的建议，通过合理配置资源，以缩小我国的城乡收入差距。
[Abstract]:The problem of income gap between urban and rural areas in China is of great concern. The income gap between urban and rural areas is large, and the per capita net income of rural residents is low, which is not conducive to expanding consumption, driving investment and restricting the sustained growth of China's economy. Therefore, raising the income of rural residents is particularly critical. The purpose of this paper is to find out the causes of the large urban-rural income gap in China and try to put forward some reasonable suggestions to solve it. This paper analyzes the explanatory variables of income gap between urban and rural areas by means of empirical and normative methods. China's labor force, land, capital and other resources have not been reasonably allocated. In terms of labor resources, the rural labor force is surplus, the rural labor force flow is not perfect, and the household registration system is restricted. In terms of human capital, the average age of education of rural residents in China is lower than that of urban residents, and the skills training is insufficient; in terms of capital investment, rural investment in our country is insufficient. Relative to urban investment is low; in terms of fiscal expenditure, expenditure tends to cities and towns. In order to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, it is necessary to allocate resources rationally and improve the efficiency of comprehensive use of resources. The innovation of this paper is that the empirical method is used to verify the labor flow, human capital, material capital input, financial expenditure, these four factors intertwined together to influence the income gap between urban and rural areas. It is proposed that the role of rural labor resources, human capital, material capital input and financial expenditure should be comprehensively brought into play. It is difficult to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas only by increasing some kind of resources to increase productivity, and it is proposed that many reforms should be carried out at the same time. Jointly promote the free flow of resources, rational allocation, in order to improve factor productivity and reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas. The first part discusses the background, significance, literature review, research methods and innovation. The second part discusses the theoretical basis of the determinants of income gap. This paper theoretically analyzes the influencing factors of the income gap between urban and rural areas. The third part analyzes the reasons for the large income gap between urban and rural residents. The income gap between urban and rural residents in China is large, that is, the income of rural residents is relatively low. This part analyzes the impact of labor force, human capital, material capital input and fiscal expenditure on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The fourth part verifies the effects of the above four aspects on the urban-rural income gap by establishing a time series model. The fifth part puts forward reasonable suggestions to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas through rational allocation of resources.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7

【参考文献】