基于生态足迹的广西可持续发展能力研究
发布时间：2018-09-15 06:49
【摘要】：西部大开发战略的深层次推进、北部湾经济区开发开放战略的实施以及工业化、城市化进程的加快,推动广西经济进入持续高速增长的快车道。处于工业化中期发展阶段的广西,经济增长与资源、环境保护之间的矛盾日益突出,特别是随着工业规模的迅速扩张和人口的增加,水资源、土地资源等相对不足与结构性失衡的矛盾越来越尖锐,一定程度上导致了生态优化与经济增长的不可持续性。“十八大”提出加快建立生态文明制度和推动形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局,在此背景下,探讨区域可持续发展能力的培育具有重要战略意义和决策价值。本文选用定量研究可持续发展能力的生态足迹法,根据广西社会经济统计年鉴和相关调查实践获得的数据,对广西2002年-2011年的生态足迹和生态承载力分别进行了计算,并结合万元GDP生态足迹、万元GDP生态赤字、生态足迹指数EFI、生态协调度DS、生态足迹多样性指数H和生态经济系发展能力C,定量分析和预测了广西经济发展的可持续性,最后提出了实现广西可持续发展的对策建议。分析结果表明： (1)2011年广西生态足迹中各土地类型影响程度的排序为：能源用地草地耕地林地水域建筑用地。能源用地、草地和耕地所占比重达到了80%,并且呈逐年上升的趋势。 (2)随着经济的发展,生态足迹的需求越来越大,广西人均生态足迹由2002年的1.3334hm2/cap增加到2011年的2.2343hm2/cap,生态赤字2002年的0.8254hm2/cap增加到2011年的1.5914hm2/cap,已经严重超出了生态环境的承载能力。 (3)万元GDP生态足迹由2002年的2.5477hm2/cap下降到2011年的0.9911hm2/cap,生态经济发展能力C从2002年的1.84提高到2011年的3.27,表明随着科技的进步,人类利用自然资源的效率不断提高。生态足迹指数EFI都小于-100%,属于严重不可持续,生态协调指数DS也是由2002年的1.29下降到2011年的1.26,说明经济的发展是以可持续和生态协调的牺牲为代价的。 基于生态足迹实证结果,综合考虑广西可持续发展的制约因素及其前景,提出了促进可持续发展能力提升的相关对策建议,包括：第一,全面贯彻落实科学发展观；第二,提高生态承载力；第三,发展生态经济和循环经济；第四,合理调整农业种植结构,提高土地创造财富的能力；第五,改变资源消耗型的经济增长模式,提高资源利用效率。
[Abstract]:The deep promotion of the western development strategy, the implementation of the development and opening strategy of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, and the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization have promoted Guangxi's economy to enter the fast lane of sustained and high-speed growth. In Guangxi, which is in the middle stage of industrialization, the contradiction between economic growth and resources and environmental protection is becoming increasingly prominent, especially with the rapid expansion of industrial scale and the increase of population, water resources, The contradiction between the relative shortage of land resources and the structural imbalance is more and more sharp, which leads to the ecological optimization and the unsustainability of economic growth to some extent. "18th National Congress" proposed to speed up the establishment of ecological civilization system and promote the formation of a new pattern of harmonious development between man and nature. Under this background, it is of great strategic significance and decision-making value to explore the cultivation of regional sustainable development ability. In this paper, the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Guangxi from 2002 to 2011 are calculated by using the ecological footprint method of quantitative study on sustainable development ability, based on the data obtained from Guangxi's social and economic statistical yearbooks and related survey practices. Combined with the ecological footprint of ten thousand yuan GDP, the ecological deficit of ten thousand yuan GDP, the ecological footprint index EFI, ecological coordination degree DS, ecological footprint diversity index H and the development ability of ecological economy department, the sustainability of Guangxi's economic development was quantitatively analyzed and predicted. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions to realize the sustainable development of Guangxi are put forward. The results show that: (1) in 2011, the order of land types in Guangxi ecological footprint is: energy land, grassland, arable land, forest land, water area, construction land. The proportion of energy land, grassland and cultivated land has reached 80%, and has been increasing year by year. (2) with the development of economy, the demand for ecological footprint is increasing. The per capita ecological footprint of Guangxi increased from 1.3334hm2/cap in 2002 to 2.2343 hm-2 / capa in 2011, and the ecological deficit increased to 1.5914hm2 / capin in 2002, which has seriously exceeded the carrying capacity of ecological environment. (3) the ecological footprint of GDP was increased from 2.5477hm2/cap in 2002 to 1.5914hm2 / cap. Down to 0.9911hm2 / cap. in 2011, the ability to develop the ecological economy increased from 1.84 in 2002 to 3.27 in 2011, indicating that with the progress of science and technology, The efficiency of human use of natural resources is increasing. The ecological footprint index (EFI) is less than -100, which is seriously unsustainable. The ecological coordination index (DS) is also reduced from 1.29 in 2002 to 1.26 in 2011, indicating that the economic development is at the expense of sustainability and ecological coordination. Based on the empirical results of ecological footprint, considering the constraints and prospects of sustainable development in Guangxi, this paper puts forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions to promote the ability of sustainable development, including: first, to implement the concept of scientific development in an all-round way; second, Improve ecological carrying capacity; third, develop ecological economy and circular economy; fourth, rationally adjust the structure of agricultural planting, improve the ability of land to create wealth; fifthly, change the economic growth model of resource consumption and improve the efficiency of resource utilization.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F205;F124.5
本文编号：2244092
[Abstract]:The deep promotion of the western development strategy, the implementation of the development and opening strategy of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, and the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization have promoted Guangxi's economy to enter the fast lane of sustained and high-speed growth. In Guangxi, which is in the middle stage of industrialization, the contradiction between economic growth and resources and environmental protection is becoming increasingly prominent, especially with the rapid expansion of industrial scale and the increase of population, water resources, The contradiction between the relative shortage of land resources and the structural imbalance is more and more sharp, which leads to the ecological optimization and the unsustainability of economic growth to some extent. "18th National Congress" proposed to speed up the establishment of ecological civilization system and promote the formation of a new pattern of harmonious development between man and nature. Under this background, it is of great strategic significance and decision-making value to explore the cultivation of regional sustainable development ability. In this paper, the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Guangxi from 2002 to 2011 are calculated by using the ecological footprint method of quantitative study on sustainable development ability, based on the data obtained from Guangxi's social and economic statistical yearbooks and related survey practices. Combined with the ecological footprint of ten thousand yuan GDP, the ecological deficit of ten thousand yuan GDP, the ecological footprint index EFI, ecological coordination degree DS, ecological footprint diversity index H and the development ability of ecological economy department, the sustainability of Guangxi's economic development was quantitatively analyzed and predicted. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions to realize the sustainable development of Guangxi are put forward. The results show that: (1) in 2011, the order of land types in Guangxi ecological footprint is: energy land, grassland, arable land, forest land, water area, construction land. The proportion of energy land, grassland and cultivated land has reached 80%, and has been increasing year by year. (2) with the development of economy, the demand for ecological footprint is increasing. The per capita ecological footprint of Guangxi increased from 1.3334hm2/cap in 2002 to 2.2343 hm-2 / capa in 2011, and the ecological deficit increased to 1.5914hm2 / capin in 2002, which has seriously exceeded the carrying capacity of ecological environment. (3) the ecological footprint of GDP was increased from 2.5477hm2/cap in 2002 to 1.5914hm2 / cap. Down to 0.9911hm2 / cap. in 2011, the ability to develop the ecological economy increased from 1.84 in 2002 to 3.27 in 2011, indicating that with the progress of science and technology, The efficiency of human use of natural resources is increasing. The ecological footprint index (EFI) is less than -100, which is seriously unsustainable. The ecological coordination index (DS) is also reduced from 1.29 in 2002 to 1.26 in 2011, indicating that the economic development is at the expense of sustainability and ecological coordination. Based on the empirical results of ecological footprint, considering the constraints and prospects of sustainable development in Guangxi, this paper puts forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions to promote the ability of sustainable development, including: first, to implement the concept of scientific development in an all-round way; second, Improve ecological carrying capacity; third, develop ecological economy and circular economy; fourth, rationally adjust the structure of agricultural planting, improve the ability of land to create wealth; fifthly, change the economic growth model of resource consumption and improve the efficiency of resource utilization.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F205;F124.5
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