甘肃省城乡金融非均衡发展对城乡居民收入差距的影响研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 09:41

【摘要】：改革开放以来,伴随着我国经济的迅速增长,城乡之间收入差距呈逐步扩大趋势,贫富悬殊、两级分化,已经严重制约了我国经济发展方式的转变,影响着社会的公平正义与和谐稳定。随着现代经济的发展,金融在经济中的地位日趋重要,金融资源逐渐成为一个国家或地区经济增长的关键性约束条件。长期的城乡金融发展不均衡成为城乡二元经济结构得以持续、城乡居民收入差距不断拉大的重要原因之一。甘肃省城乡居民收入差距远高于全国平均水平,且金融发展具有明显的城乡二元化倾向,故本文将甘肃省作为研究对象,分别从金融规模与金融效率两个方面探讨甘肃省城乡金融发展不均衡对城乡居民收入差距的影响,以金融发展为切入点,以期为缩小甘肃省城乡收入差距、改善甘肃省城乡二.元经济结构提供一定的参考。首先,本文在回顾金融发展与城乡收入差距以及城乡均衡发展等相关文献的基础上,对改革开放以来甘肃省城乡收入差距以及城乡金融非均衡发展状况进行统计分析。结果表明,甘肃省城、乡之间的居民收入差距呈逐步扩大的态势,且城乡居民收入分配的不公平程度甚于全国平均水平。甘肃省农村地区金融发展滞后于城镇地区,呈现出明显的“二元性”。其次,本文引入道格拉斯生产函数、结合甘肃省的具体情况,分析城乡金融非均衡发展如何通过银行、证券、保险等行业使金融资源城乡分布不均,进而影响城乡地区经济非均衡发展,最终对城乡居民收入差距产生扩大效应。再次,笔者选取甘肃省1978-2009年的相关数据,对于城乡金融规模非均衡和效率非均衡对城乡收入差距的影响进行了实证分析。结果表明,经济的城乡非均衡是引起城乡收入差距的主要原因,其次是城乡金融规模非均衡,而城乡金融效率非均衡对城乡收入差距的影响较弱。最后,在以上分析的基础上,从供给与需求两方面提出建议。通过深化农村金融体制改革,完善农村金融体系,促进甘肃省城乡金融均衡协调发展,最终达到缩小城乡居民收入差距,改善二元经济结构的目的。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid economic growth of our country, the income gap between urban and rural areas is gradually expanding, the disparity between the rich and the poor, and the two levels of differentiation, has seriously restricted the transformation of the mode of economic development in our country. It affects the fairness, justice and harmony and stability of the society. With the development of modern economy, the position of finance in economy is becoming more and more important, and financial resources have gradually become the key constraint to the economic growth of a country or region. The long-term imbalance of financial development between urban and rural areas has become one of the important reasons for the sustained dual economic structure and the widening income gap between urban and rural residents. The income gap between urban and rural residents in Gansu Province is much higher than the national average, and the financial development has an obvious tendency of urban-rural dualization, so this paper takes Gansu Province as the research object. From two aspects of financial scale and financial efficiency, this paper probes into the influence of the imbalance of financial development between urban and rural areas on the income gap between urban and rural residents in Gansu Province, taking the financial development as the starting point in order to narrow the urban-rural income gap in Gansu Province and improve the urban-rural income gap in Gansu Province. Meta-economic structure provides certain reference. First of all, based on the review of the financial development, urban-rural income gap and urban-rural balanced development and other related documents, this paper makes a statistical analysis of the urban-rural income gap and urban-rural financial unbalanced development in Gansu Province since the reform and opening up. The results show that the income gap between townships and cities in Gansu Province is gradually widening and the income distribution of urban and rural residents is more unfair than the national average. The development of finance in rural areas of Gansu Province lags behind that in urban areas, showing an obvious duality. Secondly, this paper introduces Douglas production function, combined with the specific situation of Gansu Province, analyzes how the uneven development of urban and rural financial resources, through banking, securities, insurance and other industries, makes the distribution of financial resources uneven between urban and rural areas. Then it affects the unbalanced development of urban and rural areas, and expands the income gap between urban and rural residents. Thirdly, the author selects the relevant data from 1978 to 2009 in Gansu Province, and makes an empirical analysis on the impact of the disequilibrium of urban and rural financial scale and efficiency on the urban-rural income gap. The results show that the economic disequilibrium between urban and rural areas is the main cause of the urban-rural income gap, followed by the disequilibrium of urban and rural financial scale, while the impact of urban-rural financial efficiency imbalance on the urban-rural income gap is weak. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, suggestions are put forward from the two aspects of supply and demand. Through deepening the reform of rural financial system, perfecting the rural financial system and promoting the balanced and coordinated development of urban and rural finance in Gansu Province, the goal of narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents and improving the dual economic structure is finally achieved.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832;F124.7

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