唐宋山东经济盛衰研究

发布时间：2018-11-06 08:05

【摘要】：山东在汉之时，经济发展独领风骚，史称“天下膏腴地，莫盛于齐者矣”，隋唐时期山东地区仍然维持着“膏腴之地”的繁荣。然而到了宋代，山东经济却风光不在，陷入了困顿停滞的状态。以山东地域经济为考察对象，全面复原唐宋山东经济发展概貌，以明其经济盛衰缘由，不仅有助于将唐宋山东经济研究推向深化，而且对当今经济建设也具有一定的借鉴意义。本文以唐宋时期山东地区为研究整体，对唐宋时期该区经济发展的不同角度进行了探讨，全文共分为三章。概述唐代山东地区经济发展概况。农业是最基本的生产部门，农业方面持久和强劲的生产力是全社会赖以生存和发展的基础，它已经成为国民经济的重要基础。在优越的自然条件的基础上，唐代山东地区围绕着农作物品种这一核心，充分利用光、热、水、土资源进行生产，在农业生产工具、生产技术、农作物品种和农田水利方面成就斐然，对当时、后世影响深远。在农业高度发达的基础上，山东地区培养起了纺织业、制盐业、矿冶业等几大主导性行业，维持了“膏腴之地”的繁荣。从经济发展总量和经济发展质量两个方面总结了宋代山东地区经济发展的变化。若以技术创新为衡量标准，就经济发展质量来看，山东地区在宋代有所衰弱。但是从经济总量方面来说，山东地区的经济地位却仍然不可忽视。社会生产包括生产力和生产关的两个方面，两者的有机统一共同组成了生产方式。中国古代山东经济最终被南方所赶超，归根到底是由构成社会生产力的三大主要成分（劳动者、劳动资料、劳动对象）的情况所决定的。所以，，我们强调生产力起决定作用的时候，也不能够否认生产关系所带来的巨大影响。本文从自然生态环境的变化、北方战乱与北人南迁和文化重心南移三个方面分对山东地区经济发展变化进行了分析。由点到面，以山东为中心考察北方经济的区域兴衰。山东为唐代北方一隅.以此扫视整个北方区域，立可发现各地区经济都有与山东地区相似的发展特征。唐以后，自然条件和社会经济条件的优势已经不复存在，而长期的战乱又摧垮了其赖以持续创新的文化基础，北方经济也就逐渐衰退，再也没能恢复到与江南相抗衡的程度。而此时江南经济崛起，经济重心随之南移。
[Abstract]:During the Han Dynasty, Shandong was the leader in economic development. It was known as "the plump land of the world and the prosperity of the Qi", while in the Sui and Tang dynasties Shandong maintained the prosperity of the "plump land." However, in the Song Dynasty, Shandong economy is not the scene, trapped in the state of stagnation. Taking Shandong's regional economy as the object of investigation, comprehensively restoring the general picture of Shandong's economic development in Tang and Song dynasties, and understanding the reasons for its economic prosperity and decline, it is not only helpful to deepen the study of Shandong's economy in Tang and Song dynasties, but also has certain referential significance for the present economic construction. This article takes Shandong area of Tang and Song dynasties as a whole, discusses the different angles of economic development in this area in Tang and Song dynasties, and the whole text is divided into three chapters. This paper summarizes the economic development of Shandong in Tang Dynasty. Agriculture is the most basic production department. The sustainable and strong productivity in agriculture is the basis for the survival and development of the whole society. It has become an important foundation of the national economy. On the basis of superior natural conditions, the Shandong region of the Tang Dynasty made full use of light, heat, water and soil resources to produce agricultural tools and production techniques around the core of crop varieties. Crop varieties and irrigation achievements, at that time, far-reaching impact on future generations. On the basis of highly developed agriculture, Shandong has cultivated several leading industries, such as textile industry, salt making industry, mining and metallurgy industry, and maintained the prosperity of "plump land". This paper summarizes the changes of Shandong's economic development in Song Dynasty from two aspects: the total amount of economic development and the quality of economic development. In terms of the quality of economic development, Shandong was weak in the Song Dynasty. But from the aspect of economic aggregate, the economic status of Shandong is still not to be ignored. Social production includes two aspects of productivity and production, the organic unity of the two forms of production. In the final analysis, the economy of Shandong in ancient China was overtaken by the south, which was decided by the situation of the three main components of social productive forces (laborer, labor data, labor object). Therefore, when we emphasize that productive forces play a decisive role, we can not deny the tremendous impact of production relations. This paper analyzes the economic development and change of Shandong region from three aspects: the change of natural ecological environment, the war in the north, the southward migration of the northern people and the southward shift of the cultural center. From point to face, Shandong as the center to investigate the regional rise and fall of the northern economy. Shandong was a corner of the northern part of the Tang Dynasty. By looking at the whole northern region, we can find that each region has similar development characteristics as Shandong. After the Tang Dynasty, the advantages of natural conditions and social economic conditions no longer exist, and the long war destroyed the cultural basis on which it relied on continuous innovation, and the northern economy gradually declined and failed to recover to the extent of competing with the south of the Yangtze River. At this time the economic rise of Jiangnan, the economic center of gravity moved southward.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F129;K24

【参考文献】