居民收入倍增的实施困境与实现路径研究

发布时间：2018-11-28 16:06

【摘要】：当前我国正处在全面深化改革的关键阶段,利益格局面临重大调整、经济结构优化升级、发展方式转变迫在眉睫。党的十八大提出“到2020年要实现城乡居民收入比2010年翻一番”的居民收入倍增目标,党的十八届三中全会提到要“着重保护劳动所得,努力实现劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步,提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。”如何让居民收入与国民经济相协调增长成为当前我国改革所必须面对的难题之一。因此,居民收入倍增一经提出就成为社会各界热议的焦点。在这样的背景下,本文选择居民收入倍增这一课题进行探讨,通过采用理论与实证相结合的方法对居民收入倍增的实施困境以及实现路径进行研究。本文对居民收入倍增实施困境的研究从两个维度展开。第一,要素价格扭曲阻碍居民收入倍增的实现。我国要素价格市场化改革的步伐较为缓慢,要素价格扭曲下的投资驱动型和出口驱动型增长创造了中国经济增长的奇迹。但是,要素价格扭曲造成我国经济结构的内外失衡,造成劳动报酬占比较低、居民收入增长困难。本文还选用C——D生产函数来考察我国要素价格扭曲的严重程度。第二,收入分配不公也阻碍收入倍增的实现。收入分配不公可以分为起点不公、过程不公、结果不公以及代际不公。当前我国在这四个方面都存在较为严重的不公,特别是我国的收入分配呈现出收入两极分化的趋势。收入分配不公对收入倍增最根本的影响在于收入分配不公使得经济增长受限,而经济增长受限动摇了居民收入增长的根基。收入分配不公对收入倍增的影响表现在：收入分配不公对人力资本投资不利,收入分配改革要打破现有利益格局、要“牵一发而动全身”、要把握好公平与效率的关系。居民收入倍增的实现根本上是增长问题,经济增长的快,居民收入相应也增长的快,国家经济实力的不断增强带来了生产力水平的迅速提高,为居民收入增长提供了物质财富基础。但是依靠要素价格扭曲带来的投资驱动型和出口驱动型增长不可持续,因此,要通过矫正要素扭曲来实现工资驱动型增长。工资驱动型增长是以后凯恩斯主义分配理论为基础,它主张通过增加劳动者的报酬带来经济系统的良性运转。而在经济实现增长的基础上要着重通过深化收入分配体制改革解决收入分配不公的难题,通过从初次分配和再分配这两个层面深化体制改革,规范分配秩序,以改革促发展,使发展成果惠及到更多的人民。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the key stage of deepening the reform in an all-round way, the pattern of interests is faced with great adjustment, the economic structure is optimized and upgraded, and the mode of development is changed urgently. The party's 18th National Congress set the goal of doubling the income of urban and rural residents by 2020 over that of 2010. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee mentioned the need to "focus on the protection of labor income." Efforts will be made to synchronize the increase in labour remuneration with the increase in labour productivity and to increase the proportion of labour remuneration in the initial distribution. " How to make the harmonious growth of resident income and national economy become one of the problems that our country must face in the current reform. As a result, the doubling of residents' income has become the focus of heated discussion in all walks of life. Under this background, this article chooses the resident income multiplication topic to carry on the discussion, through uses the theory and the demonstration method to carry on the research to the resident income multiplication implementation predicament and the realization path. In this paper, the implementation of the double-income of residents from two dimensions of the implementation of the study. First, factor price distortion hinders the realization of double income. The reform of factor price marketization in China is slow. The investment-driven and export-driven growth under the distortion of factor price has created the miracle of China's economic growth. However, the distortion of factor price causes the internal and external imbalance of the economic structure of our country, causes the labor reward to occupy relatively low, the resident income growth is difficult. This paper also selects C-D production function to investigate the severity of factor price distortion in China. Second, unfair income distribution also hinders the realization of income doubling. Income inequality can be divided into starting unfair, unfair process, unfair results and intergenerational injustice. At present, there are serious injustices in these four aspects in our country, especially the income distribution in our country shows the trend of income polarization. The fundamental impact of income inequality on income doubling is that income inequality limits economic growth, which shakes the foundation of income growth. The effects of unfair income distribution on income doubling are: unfair income distribution is disadvantageous to investment in human capital, the reform of income distribution should break the existing pattern of interests, "lead the way and move the whole body", and grasp the relationship between fairness and efficiency. The realization of the doubling of residents' income is fundamentally a question of growth. With the rapid growth of the economy, the corresponding increase in the income of the residents is also rapid. The constant increase in the national economic strength has brought about a rapid increase in the level of productive forces. It has provided the material wealth foundation for the resident income growth. However, the investment-driven and export-driven growth caused by factor price distortion is not sustainable. Therefore, wage driven growth should be achieved by correcting factor distortion. Wage-driven growth is based on the Keynesian theory of distribution, which advocates the benign operation of the economic system by increasing the wages of workers. On the basis of economic growth, we should focus on resolving the problem of unfair income distribution through deepening the reform of the income distribution system, deepen the system reform from the two levels of initial distribution and redistribution, standardize the distribution order, and promote development through reform. More people will benefit from the fruits of development.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F126

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