我国区域收入差异对碳排放影响的实证研究
发布时间：2019-01-12 12:25
【摘要】：随着我国工业化、城市化进程加快,各行各业能源消费需求日益增加,碳排放量迅猛增长,作为全球最大的碳排放国,我国承受着巨大的国际减排压力。同时,近年来我国经济正在经历转型,地区收入差距不断扩大,分配格局失衡,缩小区域差距、解决分配不公的需求也十分迫切。所以,我国同时面临两方面的挑战,既要减排降耗,又要确保经济发展趋于公平合理。 基于此,本文将全国分为东、中、西三大区域,采用1995-2010年的面板数据,在环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)的基础上,研究区域收入差异对碳排放的影响。具体而言,本文真实、系统地测算出我国28个省(市、区)的碳排放量及人均GDP基尼系数作为研究的基础指标；描述性分析了全国及东、中、西部碳排放现状和区域特征,判断各区域碳排放与其经济发展水平、区域经济差异之间的关系；最后对各区域的碳排放量的影响因素进行分析,确定了人均GDP、人均GDP基尼系数、能源强度、工业结构和城市化率作为我国碳排放EKC模型的解释变量,更进一步强调区域收入差异对碳排放的影响。 实证结果表明我国经济增长和碳排放之间具有长期稳定的正向的关系,经济增长会促进碳排放量上升,同时,经济增长对三大区域碳排放量的影响从西到东逐渐递减。收入的均衡分配有利于环境的改善,在关注经济增长效率的同时,也要考虑地区内经济发展的公平性。能源强度、工业结构与碳排放呈正向关系,城市化率对碳排放的影响在中部呈正相关,在西部呈负相关,而在全国及东部地区无显著关系。最后,本文在前述实证结果的基础上,提出有针对性的相关建议,以期为我国的碳减排目标提供政策依据。
[Abstract]:With the industrialization of China and the acceleration of urbanization, the demand for energy consumption in various industries is increasing day by day, and the carbon emissions are increasing rapidly. As the largest carbon emitter in the world, China is under enormous pressure of international emission reduction. At the same time, in recent years, China's economy is undergoing a transformation, the regional income gap continues to expand, the distribution pattern is out of balance, the regional gap is narrowed, and the need to solve the unfair distribution is very urgent. Therefore, our country faces two challenges at the same time, not only to reduce emissions and reduce consumption, but also to ensure that economic development tends to be fair and reasonable. Based on this, this paper divides the whole country into three regions: east, middle and west. Based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), the paper studies the effect of regional income difference on carbon emissions by using panel data from 1995 to 2010. Specifically, this paper measures the carbon emissions and GDP Gini coefficient of 28 provinces (municipalities and districts) as the basic index of the research. The paper analyzes the current situation and regional characteristics of carbon emissions in China, East, Middle and West China, and judges the relationship between carbon emissions in different regions and their economic development level and regional economic differences. Finally, the influencing factors of carbon emissions in different regions are analyzed, and the per capita GDP, per capita GDP Gini coefficient, energy intensity, industrial structure and urbanization rate are determined as the explanatory variables of China's EKC model of carbon emissions. Further emphasis is placed on the impact of regional income differences on carbon emissions. The empirical results show that there is a long-term stable positive relationship between China's economic growth and carbon emissions, economic growth will promote the increase of carbon emissions, at the same time, the impact of economic growth on carbon emissions in the three regions gradually decreases from west to east. The balanced distribution of income is conducive to the improvement of the environment. While paying attention to the efficiency of economic growth, we should also consider the equity of economic development in the region. Energy intensity, industrial structure and carbon emission were positively correlated. The effect of urbanization rate on carbon emission was positively correlated in the middle and negatively correlated in the west, but not in the east and the whole country. Finally, on the basis of the above empirical results, this paper puts forward some relevant suggestions in order to provide the policy basis for China's carbon emission reduction targets.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X24;F124.7
本文编号：2407771
[Abstract]:With the industrialization of China and the acceleration of urbanization, the demand for energy consumption in various industries is increasing day by day, and the carbon emissions are increasing rapidly. As the largest carbon emitter in the world, China is under enormous pressure of international emission reduction. At the same time, in recent years, China's economy is undergoing a transformation, the regional income gap continues to expand, the distribution pattern is out of balance, the regional gap is narrowed, and the need to solve the unfair distribution is very urgent. Therefore, our country faces two challenges at the same time, not only to reduce emissions and reduce consumption, but also to ensure that economic development tends to be fair and reasonable. Based on this, this paper divides the whole country into three regions: east, middle and west. Based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), the paper studies the effect of regional income difference on carbon emissions by using panel data from 1995 to 2010. Specifically, this paper measures the carbon emissions and GDP Gini coefficient of 28 provinces (municipalities and districts) as the basic index of the research. The paper analyzes the current situation and regional characteristics of carbon emissions in China, East, Middle and West China, and judges the relationship between carbon emissions in different regions and their economic development level and regional economic differences. Finally, the influencing factors of carbon emissions in different regions are analyzed, and the per capita GDP, per capita GDP Gini coefficient, energy intensity, industrial structure and urbanization rate are determined as the explanatory variables of China's EKC model of carbon emissions. Further emphasis is placed on the impact of regional income differences on carbon emissions. The empirical results show that there is a long-term stable positive relationship between China's economic growth and carbon emissions, economic growth will promote the increase of carbon emissions, at the same time, the impact of economic growth on carbon emissions in the three regions gradually decreases from west to east. The balanced distribution of income is conducive to the improvement of the environment. While paying attention to the efficiency of economic growth, we should also consider the equity of economic development in the region. Energy intensity, industrial structure and carbon emission were positively correlated. The effect of urbanization rate on carbon emission was positively correlated in the middle and negatively correlated in the west, but not in the east and the whole country. Finally, on the basis of the above empirical results, this paper puts forward some relevant suggestions in order to provide the policy basis for China's carbon emission reduction targets.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X24;F124.7
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